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41xx steel is a family of SAE steel grades, as specified by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). Alloying elements include chromium and molybdenum, and as a result these materials are often informally referred to as chromoly steel (common variant stylings include chrome-moly, cro-moly, CrMo, CRMO, CR-MOLY, and similar).
Bushmaster Firearms originally produced their 'First Generation' rifle using an aluminum lower receiver and a stamped steel upper receiver. This first-generation model used a long-stroke gas piston operating system. The recoil spring was within the upper barrel gas system compared to the AR-15/M-16, where the recoil spring is within the butt stock.
The problem of strengthening steel gun barrels using the same principle was tackled by French colonial artillery colonel Louis Frédéric Gustave Jacob, who suggested in 1907 to pressurize them hydraulically and coined the term "autofrettage". In 1913, Schneider-Creusot made a 14 cm L/50 naval gun by such a method [8] and applied for a patent. [9]
A female worker boring out the barrel of a Lee-Enfield rifle during WWI. Gun barrels are usually made of some type of metal or metal alloy.However, during the late Tang dynasty, Chinese inventors discovered gunpowder, and used bamboo, which has a strong, naturally tubular stalk and is cheaper to obtain and process, as the first barrels in gunpowder projectile weapons such as fire lances. [2]
Martensitic stainless steels can be high- or low-carbon steels built around the composition of iron, 12% up to 17% chromium, carbon from 0.10% (Type 410) up to 1.2% (Type 440C): [8] The chromium and carbon contents are balanced to have a martensitic structure.
The original patent filed by Hermann Gerlich in 1932 [6]. The squeeze bore concept was first patented by German inventor Carl Puff in 1903 [7] [8], even though the general principle was known already in 19th century and later applied in lighter fashion on Armstrong guns, on which only the muzzle yet not the barrel itself was of slightly smaller diameter (to cast off the sealing leather-bag ...
Holes were drilled in the barrel and fitted with standardized steel pistons which exerted pressure which compressed standardized copper cylinders when the firearm discharged. The reduction in the copper cylinder length is used as an indication of peak pressure, known as "Copper Units of Pressure", or "CUP" for high pressure firearms.
Gunmetal ingot is a related alloy in which the zinc is replaced by 2% lead; this makes the alloy easier to cast but it has less strength. [2]Modified gunmetal contains lead in addition to the zinc; it is typically composed of 86% copper, 9.5% tin, 2.5% lead, and 2% zinc.