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In the Hebrew Bible, adoni, with the suffix for the first person possessive, means "my lord", and is a term of respect that may refer to God [8] or to a human superior, [9] or occasionally an angel, whereas adonai (literally "my lords") is reserved for God alone.
The word is identical to elohim meaning gods and is cognate to the 'lhm found in Ugaritic, where it is used for the pantheon of Canaanite gods, the children of El and conventionally vocalized as "Elohim" although the original Ugaritic vowels are unknown. When the Hebrew Bible uses elohim not in reference to God, it is plural (for example ...
Many English translations of the Bible translate the Tetragrammaton as L ORD, following the Jewish practice of substituting Adonai for it. [19] In the same sense as the substitution of Adonai, the Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Bible to Greek mainly used the word Kyrios (Greek: Κύριος, meaning 'lord') for YHWH. [20]
Thus, for most of its history, Christianity's translations of the Scriptures have used equivalents of Adonai to represent the Tetragrammaton. Only at about the beginning of the 16th century did Christian translations of the Bible appear combining the vowels of Adonai with the four (consonantal) letters of the Tetragrammaton. [128] [129]
Barukh ata Adonai Eloheinu, melekh ha'olam, asher kideshanu be'mitzvotav ve'ratza banu, ve'shabbat kodsho be'ahava u've'ratzon hinchilanu, zikaron le'ma'ase vereshit. Ki hu yom techila le'mik'raei kodesh, zecher li'yziat mitzrayim. Ki vanu vacharta ve'otanu kidashta mi'kol ha'amim, ve'shabbat kodshecha be'ahava u've'ratzon hinchaltanu.
[2] One Latin version of the Christian Bible rendered the name in Latin as Dominus videt ("The L ORD sees"). [3] The King James Version follows this meaning, as quoted above. Jewish translations of the verse into English include, And Abraham called the name of that place Adonai-jireh; as it is said to this day: 'In the mount where the L ORD is seen
[Note 1] The names of God used most often in the Hebrew Bible are the Tetragrammaton (Hebrew: יהוה, romanized: YHWH) and Elohim. [4] [5] Jews traditionally do not pronounce it, and instead refer to God as HaShem, literally "the Name". In prayer, the Tetragrammaton is substituted with the pronunciation Adonai, meaning "My Lord". [27]
[57] [58] When reading the Hebrew Bible aloud, Jews replace the Tetragrammaton with the title Adonai, translated as Kyrios in the Septuagint and the Greek New Testament. Jah (or Yah) is an abbreviation of Jahweh/Yahweh/Jehovah. It is often used by Christians in the interjection "Hallelujah", meaning "Praise Jah", which is used to give God glory ...