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  2. Antireductionism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antireductionism

    Although breaking complex phenomena into parts is a key method in science, there are those complex phenomena (e.g. in physics, psychology, sociology, ecology) where the approach does not work. Antireductionism also arises in academic fields such as history, economics, anthropology, medicine, and biology as attempts to explain complex phenomena ...

  3. Derailment (thought disorder) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derailment_(thought_disorder)

    Derailment can often be manifestly caused by intense emotions such as euphoria or hysteria. Some of the synonyms given above (loosening of association, asyndetic thinking) are used by some authors to refer just to a loss of goal: discourse that sets off on a particular

  4. Inner critic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_critic

    The inner critic or critical inner voice is a concept used in popular psychology and psychotherapy to refer to a subpersonality that judges and demeans a person. [1]A concept similar in many ways to the Freudian superego as inhibiting censor, [2] or the Jungian active imagination, [3] the inner critic is usually experienced as an inner voice attacking a person, saying that they are bad, wrong ...

  5. List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    In psychology and cognitive science, a memory bias is a cognitive bias that either enhances or impairs the recall of a memory (either the chances that the memory will be recalled at all, or the amount of time it takes for it to be recalled, or both), or that alters the content of a reported memory. There are many types of memory bias, including:

  6. Critical psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_psychology

    Critical theoretical psychology (a), and critical empirical psychology (c) refers to the theoretical understanding and development of the field, while critical theoretical psychology with practical emancipatory intention, (b) and critical applied psychology (d), has to do with practice and move toward a social change.

  7. Anthropocentrism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropocentrism

    In cognitive psychology, the term anthropocentric thinking has been defined as "the tendency to reason about unfamiliar biological species or processes by analogy to humans." [ 20 ] Reasoning by analogy is an attractive thinking strategy, and it can be tempting to apply one's own experience of being human to other biological systems. [ 20 ]

  8. Cognitive bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_bias

    In psychology a "rationality war" [72] unfolded between Gerd Gigerenzer and the Kahneman and Tversky school, which pivoted on whether biases are primarily defects of human cognition or the result of behavioural patterns that are actually adaptive or "ecologically rational" [73]. Gerd Gigerenzer has historically been one of the main opponents to ...

  9. Cognitive miser - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_miser

    The metaphor of the cognitive miser assumes that the human mind is limited in time, knowledge, attention, and cognitive resources. [4] Usually people do not think rationally or cautiously, but use cognitive shortcuts to make inferences and form judgments.