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A mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association between a green plant and a fungus. The plant makes organic molecules by photosynthesis and supplies them to the fungus in the form of sugars or lipids, while the fungus supplies the plant with water and mineral nutrients, such as phosphorus, taken from the soil.
Chitin from insect exoskeletons is an essential compound needed by soil fungi to grow and expand. Chitin is a major component of fungal cell wall membranes. The growth of beneficial fungi adds to soil fertility. [4] Bat guano composition varies between species with different diets.
Conventional agriculture practices, such as tillage, heavy fertilizers and fungicides, poor crop rotations, and selection for plants that survive these conditions, hinder the ability of plants to form symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Most agricultural crops can perform better and are more productive when well-colonized by AM fungi.
Certain fungal partners do best in specific ecotones or with certain crops. Arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation paired with plant growth promoting bacteria resulted in a higher yield and quicker maturation in upland rice paddys. [13] Maize growth improved after an amendment of arbuscular mycorrhizae and biochar.
This does not mean that light is an irrelevant requirement, since some fungi use light as a signal for fruiting. [1] [2] However, all the materials for growth must already be present in the growth medium. Mushrooms grow well at relative humidity levels of around 95–100%, and substrate moisture levels of 50 to 75%. [1]
These plants can grow in many soil types as long as the soil is well-drained, says Detrick, adding that these plants grow best in soil with a pH of 6 to 7. If you don't know the pH of your soil, a ...