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Juvenal never mentions a period of exile in his life, yet it appears in every extant traditional biography. Many scholars think the idea to be a later invention; the Satires do display some knowledge of Egypt and Britain, and it is thought that this gave rise to the tradition that Juvenal was exiled.
He was installed as bishop of Jerusalem in opposition Juvenal in 451 or 452, but was forced into exile by the emperor Marcian in 453. [1] [2] Information about his life comes mainly from the works of John Rufus. These include a biography of Peter the Iberian and a narration of Theodosius' exile and death, the Narratio de obitu Theodosii ...
Little is known about his early life. Juvenal was born in the late 4th century and was consecrated Bishop of Jerusalem in 422. [3]: 247–249 In 428/9 he consecrated the Laura of Euthymius, located on the road between Jerusalem and Jericho, and supplied it with presbyters and deacons.
Juvenal (422–458), since 451 Patriarch; In 451 or 452, the anti-Chalcedonian clergy elected a rival bishop, Theodosius, who was forced into exile in 453. For the rival episcopal successions after this date: Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem; Syriac Orthodox Bishop of Jerusalem; Latin Patriarchs of Jerusalem
The Roman poet Juvenal, a near-contemporary of Tacitus, mentions this island twice in his Satires: first as a place of exile for particularly vile criminals (1.73), and second as a symbol of claustrophobic imprisonment (10.170). In the second reference, Juvenal compares the restlessness of Alexander the Great to that of a man imprisoned:
Relegatio (or relegatio in insulam) under Roman law was the mildest form of exile, involving banishment from Rome, but not loss of citizenship, or confiscation of property. It was a sentence used for adulterers, those that committed sexual violence or manslaughter , and procurers .
Juvenal is the source of many well-known maxims, including: that the common people—rather than caring about their freedom—are only interested in "bread and circuses" ( panem et circenses 10.81; i.e. food and entertainment),
Senecas of Jerusalem was a 2nd century Jewish Christian bishop of Jerusalem. [1]According to Eusebius of Caesarea, there were thirteen bishops of Jerusalem between the fall of the Second Temple and the Bar Kokhba revolt.