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A virtual circuit (VC) is a means of transporting data over a data network, based on packet switching and in which a connection is first established across the network between two endpoints. The network, rather than having a fixed data rate reservation per connection as in circuit switching , takes advantage of the statistical multiplexing on ...
Packet switching may be classified into connectionless packet switching, also known as datagram switching, and connection-oriented packet switching, also known as virtual circuit switching. Examples of connectionless systems are Ethernet, IP, and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP).
Packet switching can be based on connection-oriented communication or connection-less communication. That is, based on virtual circuits or datagrams. Virtual circuits use packet switching technology that emulates circuit switching, in the sense that the connection is established before any packets are transferred, and packets are delivered in ...
[2] [3] ATM provides functionality that uses features of circuit switching and packet switching networks by using asynchronous time-division multiplexing. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] ATM was seen in the 1990s as a competitor to Ethernet and networks carrying IP traffic as, unlike Ethernet, it was faster and designed with quality-of-service in mind, but it fell ...
Packet switched communication may also be connection-oriented, which is called virtual circuit mode communication. Due to the packet switching, the communication may suffer from variable bit rate and delay, due to varying traffic load and packet queue lengths. Connection-oriented communication does not necessarily imply reliability.
Multiprotocol label switching belongs to the family of packet-switched networks. MPLS operates at a layer that is generally considered to lie between traditional definitions of OSI Layer 2 (data link layer) and Layer 3 (network layer), and thus is often referred to as a layer 2.5 protocol.
In the TCP case, a flow may be a virtual circuit, also known as a virtual connection or a byte stream. [4] In packet switches, the flow may be identified by IEEE 802.1Q Virtual LAN tagging in Ethernet networks, or by a label-switched path in MPLS tag switching. Packet flow can be represented as a path in a network
Label switching is a technique of network relaying to overcome the problems perceived by traditional IP-table switching (also known as traditional layer 3 hop-by-hop routing) [1]. Here, the switching of network packets occurs at a lower level , namely the data link layer rather than the traditional network layer .