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In Aristotle's work, phronesis is the intellectual virtue that helps turn one's moral instincts into practical action. [ 4 ] [ 10 ] He writes that moral virtues help any person to achieve the end, and that phronesis is what it takes to discover the means to gain that end. [ 4 ]
Prudence, also known as practical wisdom, is the most important virtue for Aristotle. In war, soldiers must fight with prudence by making judgments through practical wisdom. This virtue is a must to obtain because courage requires judgments to be made. Temperance, or self-control, simply means moderation. Soldiers must display moderation with ...
Aristotle ends his investigation by comparing the importance of practical wisdom (phronesis) and philosophical wisdom (sophia). Although Aristotle describes sophia as the more serious (it is concerned with higher things), he mentions the earlier philosophers, Anaxagoras and Thales , as examples proving that one can be wise, having both ...
Practical wisdom or prudence (phrónēsis) is the perspicacity necessary to conduct personal business and affairs of state. It encompasses the skill to distinguish the beneficial from the detrimental, to understand the attainment of happiness, and to discern the right course of action in every situation.
This he explains after first comparing the four other truth revealing capacities of soul: technical know how , logically deduced knowledge (epistēmē, sometimes translated as "scientific knowledge"), practical wisdom , and lastly theoretical wisdom , which is defined by Aristotle as the combination of nous and epistēmē.
Phronesis, or practical wisdom, holds an important place in rhetorical theory as a central aspect of judgment and practice. Aristotle's notion of phronesis fits with his treatise on rhetoric because neither, in his estimation, could be reduced to an episteme or a techne , and both deal with the ability to deliberate about contingent, variable ...
As John McDowell puts it, practical wisdom involves a "perceptual sensitivity" to what a situation requires. [ 12 ] Eudaimonia ( εὐδαιμονία ) is a state variously translated from Greek as 'well-being', 'happiness', 'blessedness', and in the context of virtue ethics, 'human flourishing'. [ 13 ]
According to Aristotle, there are three categories of ethos: phronesis – useful skills and practical wisdom; arete – virtue, goodwill; eunoia – goodwill towards the audience; In a sense, ethos does not belong to the speaker but to the audience and it's appealing to the audience's emotions.