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The World Health Organization (WHO) published the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in 2008 in order to increase the safety of patients undergoing surgery. [1] The checklist serves to remind the surgical team of important items to be performed before and after the surgical procedure in order to reduce adverse events such as surgical site infections or retained instruments. [1]
The hospital has more than 80 surgeons, operates with the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist, and its Theatre Officers Committee, made up of 12 surgeons, representing various surgical specialties, two anaesthetists, four nursing staff and the Chief Executive, meet quarterly. [5]
Ramsay G, Haynes AB, Lipsitz SR, Solsky I, Leitch J, Gawande AA, Kumar M. Reducing surgical mortality in Scotland by use of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist. Br J Surg. 2019 Jul;106(8):1005-1011. doi: 10.1002/bjs.11151. Epub 2019 Apr 16. O'Brien C, Urquhart CS, Allam S, Anderson KJ, Leitch JA, Macpherson A, Kenny GNC.
An example is the Surgical Safety Checklist developed for the World Health Organization by Dr. Atul Gawande. [7] According to a meta-analysis after introduction of the checklist mortality dropped by 23% and all complications by 40%, but further high-quality studies are required to make the meta-analysis more robust. [8]
On 1 June 2012, the key functions of the NPSA were transferred to the NHS Commissioning Board Special Health Authority., [5] later known as NHS England. In April 2016, the patient safety function was transferred from NHS England to the newly established NHS Improvement. [6]
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Patient safety factors were suggested to play an important role, with use of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist associated with reduced mortality at 30 days. Mortality directly related to anesthetic management is less common, and may include such causes as pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents, [19] asphyxiation [20] and anaphylaxis. [21]
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