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The discoveries of the 118 chemical elements known to exist as of 2025 are presented here in chronological order. The elements are listed generally in the order in which each was first defined as the pure element, as the exact date of discovery of most elements cannot be accurately determined.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 28 January 2025. Development of the table of chemical elements The American chemist Glenn T. Seaborg —after whom the element seaborgium is named—standing in front of a periodic table, May 19, 1950 Part of a series on the Periodic table Periodic table forms 18-column 32-column Alternative and extended ...
The periodic table and law are now a central and indispensable part of modern chemistry. The periodic table continues to evolve with the progress of science. In nature, only elements up to atomic number 94 exist; [a] to go further, it was necessary to synthesize new elements in the laboratory.
Seaborg proposed a new row for the periodic table called the actinides to accommodate these newly discovered elements, including elements 102 and 103 (nobelium and lawrencium), Roberto said.
Mendeleev's 1869 table had implicitly predicted a heavier analog of titanium (22) and zirconium (40), but in 1871 he placed lanthanum (57) in that spot. The 1923 discovery of hafnium (72) validated Mendeleev's original 1869 prediction.
1869: Dmitri Mendeleev: Periodic table. 1871: Lord Rayleigh : Diffuse sky radiation ( Rayleigh scattering ) explains why sky appears blue. 1873: Johannes Diderik van der Waals : was one of the first to postulate an intermolecular force: the van der Waals force .
Periodic table forms ... Periodic table history. D. Mendeleev. 1871 table; 1869 predictions; Discovery of elements; ... and the last table lists astronomical objects ...
Antiquity to 1600: ancient to early modern discoveries (27 elements) Discoveries during the Scientific Revolution and the age of enlightenment, part of the gradual rejection of the Aristotelian theory of matter, and Lavoisier's definition of a chemical element (19 elements)