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He founded the UNIA in Kingston later that month, intending to unite all of Africa and its diaspora into the organization. After traveling through the United States beginning in March 1916, Garvey inaugurated the New York Division of the UNIA in 1918 with 13 members.
Marcus Mosiah Garvey Jr. ONH (17 August 1887 – 10 June 1940) was a Jamaican political activist. He was the founder and first President-General of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL, commonly known as UNIA), through which he declared himself Provisional President of Africa.
Marcus Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Assn. (UNIA) in 1914, which "encouraged the formation of separate institutions out of pride, not because of discrimination." Garvey ...
Garvey founded the UNIA in July 1914, and within the organization's first few years had started publishing Negro World. [6]Monthly, Negro World distributed more copies than The Messenger, The Crisis and Opportunity (other important African-American publications).
Returning to the United States in 1918, he joined the UNIA and was appointed chaplain-general for the organization.In this position, McGuire wrote two important documents of the Universal Negro Improvement Association—Universal Negro Ritual, and Universal Negro Catechism, the latter containing both religious and historical sections, reflecting his interest in religion and race history.
He appealed to UNIA members and the Black community in general to collectively invest in larger ventures. In 1920, he founded UNIA’s financial arm, the Negro Factories Corporation, to underwrite ...
The UNIA promoted the view that Africa was the natural homeland of the African diaspora. [40] While he was imprisoned, he penned an editorial for the Negro World titled "African Fundamentalism", in which he called for "the founding of a racial empire whose only natural, spiritual and political aims shall be God and Africa, at home and abroad." [41]
He moved to New York in 1916, and founded the first American UNIA chapter in Harlem in 1918. The UNIA is often considered one of the most powerful Black nationalist movements to date, claiming around a thousand chapters worldwide. [116] [117]