Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
[21] [22] In the early 1990s, James Allison showed that CTLA-4 acts as an inhibitory molecule to restrict T-cell responses. In 1996, Allison was the first to show that antibody blockade of a T-cell inhibitory molecule (known as CTLA-4) could lead to enhanced anti-tumor immune responses and tumor rejection.
CTLA-4 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is expressed by activated T cells and transmits an inhibitory signal to T cells. CTLA-4 is homologous to the T-cell co-stimulatory protein, CD28, and both molecules bind to CD80 and CD86, also called B7-1 and B7-2 respectively, on antigen-presenting cells. CTLA-4 binds CD80 and CD86 with ...
Cancer Therapy by Inhibition of Negative Immune Regulation (CTLA4, PD1) A2AR & A2BR: The Adenosine A2A receptor is regarded as an important checkpoint in cancer therapy because adenosine in the immune microenvironment, leading to the activation of the A2a receptor, is negative immune feedback loop and the tumor microenvironment has relatively high concentrations of adenosine. [27]
These are most likely due to the breadth of the induced T-cell activation when anti-CTLA-4 antibodies are administered by injection in the blood stream. Using a mouse model of bladder cancer, researchers have found that a local injection of a low dose anti-CTLA-4 in the tumour area had the same tumour inhibiting capacity as when the antibody ...
James Allison, now at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, was an early pioneer of immunotherapy. He discovered that CTLA-4 inhibits T cells from fully attacking, and hypothesized that blocking CTLA-4 could unleash the immune system to fight cancer. Initially, his idea was met with skepticism, but he continued his research and ...
They were able to demonstrate that CTLA-4 signaling in T cells inhibited T cell responses. [76] They then injected intact antibodies and demonstrated that CTLA-4 blockade enhanced T cell responses in mice responding to vaccines and to super antigens. [77] Leach, a new postdoctoral fellow, was tasked by Allison with applying these in tumor models.
1995 – James P. Allison is the first to describe the function of the critical immune checkpoint CTLA-4; 1995 – Regulatory T cells (Shimon Sakaguchi) 1995 – First Dendritic cell vaccine trial reported by Mukherji et al. 1995 – Discovery of the insect Imd NF-κB pathway [18]
James P. Allison (born 1948) United States "for explaining how CD28 and CTLA-4 are regulators of T cell activation, modulating immune response." University of Texas: Jeffrey Bluestone (born 1954) United States University of California, San Francisco: Craig B. Thompson (born 1953) United States Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center: Gordon J ...