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ECT is widely used worldwide in the treatment of schizophrenia, but in North America and Western Europe it is invariably used only in treatment resistant schizophrenia when symptoms show little response to antipsychotics; there is comprehensive research evidence for such practice. [55]
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a controversial therapy used to treat certain mental illnesses such as major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, depressed bipolar disorder, manic excitement, and catatonia. [1] These disorders are difficult to live with and often very difficult to treat, leaving individuals suffering for long periods of time.
ECT originated as a new form of convulsive therapy, rather than as a completely new treatment. [5] Convulsive therapy was introduced in 1934 by Hungarian neuropsychiatrist Ladislas J Meduna who, believing that schizophrenia and epilepsy were antagonistic disorders, induced seizures in patients with first camphor and then cardiazol.
The Lima et al.'s (2013) [10] study offers a comprehensive systematic review of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for adolescents, concentrating on its efficacy, application criteria, and associated risks. Highlighting ECT's notable success in addressing diverse psychiatric conditions among adolescents, the study portrays it as a highly effective ...
The variation has led to the suggestion that treatment responsive and treatment resistant schizophrenia be considered as two different subtypes. [149] [159] It is further suggested that if the subtypes could be distinguished at an early stage significant implications could follow for treatment considerations, and for research. [154]
The Montreal experiments were a series of experiments, initially aimed to treat schizophrenia [1] by changing memories and erasing the patients' thoughts using the Scottish psychiatrist Donald Ewen Cameron's method of "psychic driving", [2] as well as drug-induced sleep, intensive electroconvulsive therapy, sensory deprivation and Thorazine.
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