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The islands are spread out across many kilometers of a vast ocean. The largest of these islands is called Rarotonga, which is also the political and economic capital of the nation. The Cook Islands were formerly known as the Hervey Islands, but this name refers only to the Northern Groups.
Map of Sunda and Sahul, showing the lowest sea level that occurred when island southeast Asia was first settled by modern humans. Island Southeast Asia was settled by modern humans in the Paleolithic following coastal migration routes, presumably starting before 70,000 BP from Africa, long before the development of Austronesian cultures.
Outside the triangle, there are traces of Polynesian settlement as far north as Necker Island (Mokumanamana), as far east as Salas y Gómez Island (Motu Motiro Hiva), and as far south as Enderby Island . Also, there have once been Polynesian settlements on Norfolk Island and the Kermadec Islands . By the time the Europeans first arrived, these ...
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Micronesia is a region in Oceania that includes approximately 2100 islands, with a total land area of 2,700 km 2 (1,000 sq mi), the largest of which is Guam, which covers 582 km 2 (225 sq mi).
The Sunda Islands comprise two island groups: the Greater Sunda Islands and the Lesser Sunda Islands. The major island groupings in the Philippine Archipelago include Luzon, Mindanao, and the Visayan Islands. The seven largest islands are New Guinea, Borneo, Sumatra, Sulawesi and Java in Indonesia; and Luzon and Mindanao in the Philippines.
The Oxford Handbook of Prehistoric Oceania (2018) defined Oceania as only covering Austronesian-speaking islands in Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia, with this definition including New Guinea and New Zealand. Other Austronesian areas such as Indonesia and the Philippines were not included, due to their closer cultural proximity to mainland Asia.