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Aerial photo of Tyre, c. 1918. Tyre, in Lebanon, is one of the oldest cities in the world, having been continuously inhabited for over 4,700 years.Situated in the Levant on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, Tyre became the leading city of the Phoenician civilization in 969 BC with the reign of the Tyrian king Hiram I, the city of Tyre alongside its Phoenician homeland are also credited with ...
The famous Greek historian Herodotus (c. 484–425 BCE), born in the city of Halicarnassus, visited Tyre around 450 BCE at the end of the Greco-Persian Wars (499–449 BCE), and wrote in his Histories that according to the priests there, the city was founded 2300 years earlier (around 2750 BCE), [20] as a walled place upon the mainland, now ...
An Emireh point was found at the first stage of this level (XXIV), at around 15.2 metres (50 ft) below datum with a complete skeleton of an eight-year-old modern human (called Egbert, now in the National Museum of Beirut after being studied in America) was discovered at 11.6 metres (38 ft), cemented into breccia.
Sidon and Tyre also commanded interest among Egyptian officials, beginning a pattern of rivalry that would span the next millennium. The economic dynamism of Egypt's Eighteenth Dynasty , particularly under its ninth pharaoh, Amenhotep III (1391–1353 BC), brought further prosperity and prominence to the Phoenician cities.
The reign of king Pygmalion of Tyre ends. 739 BC: Hiram II becomes king of Tyre. 730 BC: Mattan II succeeds Hiram II as king. 724 BC: The Assyrians under king Shalmaneser V start a four-year siege of Tyre that ends in 720 BC. 710 BC: Judah, Tyre and Sidon revolt against Assyria. 701 BC: The Assyrian siege of Tyre by king Sennacherib.
Alexander's main target in the Persian Levant was Tyre, now the region's largest and most important city. Tyre's king Azemilcus was at sea with the Persian fleet when Alexander arrived at the gates in 332 BC. Alexander proposed a sacrifice to Heracles in the city, which was home to the most ancient temple of Heracles.
This time also started archaeological digs, showing the history of Tyre. [1] Lebanese Independence and Refugees (1943–1970s): Lebanon got independence in 1943, and Tyre became part of the new country. The city grew as an important port and cultural place. But after the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, many Palestinian refugees came to Tyre.
[citation needed] Tyre and Sidon were important maritime and trade centers; Gubla (later known as Byblos; in Arabic, Jbeil) and Berytus (present-day Beirut) were trade and religious centers. Gubla was the first Canaanite city to trade actively with Egypt and the pharaohs of the Old Kingdom (2686-2181 BC), exporting cedar, olive oil, and wine ...