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Just as the shannon describes the maximum possible information capacity of a binary symbol, the hartley describes the information that can be contained in a 10-ary symbol, that is, a digit value in the range 0 to 9 when the a priori probability of each value is 1 / 10 . The conversion factor quoted above is given by log 10 (2).
A bit array (also known as bitmask, [1] bit map, bit set, bit string, or bit vector) is an array data structure that compactly stores bits. It can be used to implement a simple set data structure . A bit array is effective at exploiting bit-level parallelism in hardware to perform operations quickly.
This table illustrates an example of an 8 bit signed decimal value using the two's complement method. The MSb most significant bit has a negative weight in signed integers, in this case -2 7 = -128. The other bits have positive weights. The lsb (least significant bit) has weight 1. The signed value is in this case -128+2 = -126.
The bit is the most basic unit of information in computing and digital communication. The name is a portmanteau of binary digit. [1] The bit represents a logical state with one of two possible values. These values are most commonly represented as either " 1" or "0 ", but other representations such as true/false, yes/no, on/off, or +/− are ...
For binary hardware, by far the most common hardware today, the smallest unit is the bit, a portmanteau of binary digit, [1] which represents a value that is one of two possible values; typically shown as 0 and 1. The nibble, 4 bits, represents the value of a single hexadecimal digit.
However, a binary number system with base −2 is also possible. The rightmost bit represents (−2) 0 = +1, the next bit represents (−2) 1 = −2, the next bit (−2) 2 = +4 and so on, with alternating sign. The numbers that can be represented with four bits are shown in the comparison table below.
A discrete variable that can take only one state contains zero information, and 2 is the next natural number after 1. That is why the bit, a variable with only two possible values, is a standard primary unit of information. A collection of n bits may have 2 n states: see binary number for details.
The clock would show the time in 16 bits, where the smallest unit would be exactly 1 ⁄ 65536 day, or 675 ⁄ 512 (about 1.318) seconds. [2] An analog format also exists of this type. [ 3 ] However, it is much easier to write and express this in hexadecimal, which would be hexadecimal time .