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The ' 50s progression (also known as the "Heart and Soul" chords, the "Stand by Me" changes, [1] [2] the doo-wop progression [3]: 204 and the "ice cream changes" [4]) is a chord progression and turnaround used in Western popular music. The progression, represented in Roman numeral analysis, is I–vi–IV–V. For example, in C major: C–Am ...
It is a succession of chords whose roots descend in fifths from the second degree to the fifth degree , and finally to the tonic. In a major key, the supertonic triad (ii) is minor, and in a minor key it is diminished. The dominant is, in its normal form, a major triad and commonly a dominant seventh chord.
For expediency, musicians may use the abbreviation "alt"—as in C 7alt —to describe the family of dominant chords with altered tones (including the ♭ 5, ♯ 5, ♭ 9, ♯ 9, ♯ 11, or ♭ 13). Notably, all altered tones mentioned above, along with the 3 and ♭ 7, are present in the melodic minor scale whose root is a half-step above the ...
These chords stand in the same relationship to one another (in the relative minor key) as do the three major chords, so that they may be viewed as the first (i), fourth (iv) and fifth (v) degrees of the relative minor key. For example, the relative minor of C major is A minor, and in the key of A minor, the i, iv and v chords are A minor, D ...
The use of Roman numerals enables the rhythm section performers to play the song in any key requested by the bandleader or lead singer. The accompaniment performers translate the Roman numerals to the specific chords that would be used in a given key. In the key of E major, the diatonic chords are: E maj7 becomes I maj7 (also I ∆7, or simply I)
A chord chart. Play ⓘ. A chord chart (or chart) is a form of musical notation that describes the basic harmonic and rhythmic information for a song or tune. It is the most common form of notation used by professional session musicians playing jazz or popular music.
In a jazz band, these chord changes are usually played in the key of B ♭ [7] with various chord substitutions.Here is a typical form for the A section with various common substitutions, including bVII 7 in place of the minor iv chord; the addition of a ii–V progression (Fm 7 –B ♭ 7) that briefly tonicizes the IV chord, E ♭; using iii in place of I in bar 7 (the end of the first A ...
A 2008 medley by the comedy group the Axis of Awesome, called "Four Chords", demonstrated the ubiquity of the progression in popular music, for comic effect; for instance, as the progression is played as an ostinato, sometimes it is used as a vi–IV–I–V (i. e. the "pessimistic" inversion). It does not accurately represent the chord ...