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A right handed operator will stand to the front of the patient and to their right when removing any upper teeth or lower left teeth. However, they will stand behind the patient and to the right when extracting a lower right tooth. [4] Dental elevators can be used to aid removal of teeth. Various types are available that have different shapes.
Larger cysts may cause bone expansion or displace roots. Discoloration of the affected tooth may also occur. Patient will present negative results to electric and ice test of the affected tooth but will be sensitive to percussion. Surrounding gingival tissue may experience lymphadenopathy. The alveolar plate may exhibit crepitus when palpated.
The presence of buccal exostosis can be diagnosed by both clinical examination and radiological interpretation of the oral cavity. Clinically, buccal exostoses appear as single, broad-based masses, usually situated bilaterally in the premolar and molar region on the facial surface of the maxillary alveolar bone. [11]
A lump may be felt, which may feel hard if there is still bone covering the cyst, or fluctuant if the cyst has eroded through the bone surrounding it. [5] A cyst may become acutely infected, and discharge into the oral cavity via a sinus. Adjacent teeth may be loosened, tilted or even moved bodily. [6]
Socket preservation or alveolar ridge preservation is a procedure to reduce bone loss after tooth extraction. [1] [2] After tooth extraction, the jaw bone has a natural tendency to become narrow, and lose its original shape because the bone quickly resorbs, resulting in 30–60% loss in bone volume in the first six months. [3]
Alveolar osteitis usually occurs where the blood clot fails to form or is lost from the socket (i.e., the defect left in the gum when a tooth is taken out). This leaves an empty socket where bone is exposed to the oral cavity , causing a localized alveolar osteitis limited to the lamina dura (i.e., the bone which lines the socket).
The treatment of choice for dentigerous cyst is enucleation along with extraction of the impacted teeth. [21] If eruption of the unerupted tooth is considered feasible, the tooth may be left in place after partial removal of the cyst wall. Orthodontic treatment may subsequently be required to assist eruption.
[9] [7] Rather than removal of excessive or irregular areas of labial cortex, it involves the removal of intraseptal bone and repositioning of labial cortical bone. This technique is commonly used in an area where the ridge is of relatively regular contour and adequate height but presents an undercut to the depth of the labial vestibule because ...