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The most common SDR formats are limited to the Rec. 709/sRGB gamut, while common HDR formats use Rec. 2100, which is a wide color gamut (WCG). [1] [6] In practice, HDR is not always used at its limits. HDR contents are often limited to a peak brightness of 1,000 or 4,000 nits and P3-D65 colors, even if they are stored in formats capable of more.
On January 4, 2016, the Ultra HD Alliance announced their certification requirements for an HDR display. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] The HDR display must have either a peak brightness of over 1000 cd/m 2 and a black level less than 0.05 cd/m 2 (a contrast ratio of at least 20,000:1) or a peak brightness of over 540 cd/m 2 and a black level less than 0.0005 ...
Dolby Vision is a set of technologies developed by Dolby Laboratories for high dynamic range (HDR) video. [1] [2] [3] It covers content creation, distribution, and playback.[1] [4] [5] [6] It includes dynamic metadata that define the aspect ratio and adjust the picture based on a display's capabilities on a per-shot or even per-frame basis, optimizing the presentation.
HDR10 Media Profile, more commonly known as HDR10, is an open high-dynamic-range video (HDR) standard announced on August 27, 2015, by the Consumer Electronics Association. [1] It is the most widespread HDR format. [2] HDR10 is not backward compatible with SDR. It includes HDR static metadata but not dynamic metadata.
FP16 blending can be used as a faster way to render HDR in video games. Shader Model 4.0 is a feature of DirectX 10, which has been released with Windows Vista. Shader Model 4.0 allows 128-bit HDR rendering, as opposed to 64-bit HDR in Shader Model 3.0 (although this is theoretically possible under Shader Model 3.0).
ITU-R Recommendation BT.2100, more commonly known by the abbreviations Rec. 2100 or BT.2100, introduced high-dynamic-range television (HDR-TV) by recommending the use of the perceptual quantizer (PQ [SMPTE ST 2084]) or hybrid log–gamma (HLG) transfer functions instead of the traditional "gamma" previously used for SDR-TV.
The dynamic range that can be perceived by the human eye in a single image is around 14 stops. [10] SDR video with a conventional gamma curve and a bit depth of 8-bits per sample has a dynamic range of about 6 stops, assuming a luminance quantisation threshold of 5% is used. [10]
In the mid-2000s, when the digital HD technology and standard debuted on the market, this type of resolution was often referred to by the branded name "HD ready" or "HDr" for short, which had specified it as a minimum resolution for devices to qualify for the certification. However, few screens have been built that use this resolution natively.