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The Golgi apparatus (/ ˈ ɡ ɒ l dʒ i /), also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. [1] Part of the endomembrane system in the cytoplasm , it packages proteins into membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell before the vesicles are sent to their destination.
Complete diagram of a human spermatozoon Schematic of subcellular structures in a murine spermatid being formed showing the formation of the residual body and acrosomal cap. The process of spermiogenesis is traditionally divided into four stages: the Golgi phase, the cap phase, formation of the tail, and the maturation stage. [1]
The Golgi body is also near the rough ER for packaging and redistributing. Likewise, intracellular compartmentalization allows specific sites of related eukaryotic cell functions isolated from other processes and therefore efficient.
Abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum combined with a well-developed Golgi apparatus makes plasma cells well-suited for secreting immunoglobulins. [4] Other organelles in a plasma cell include ribosomes, lysosomes, mitochondria, and the plasma membrane.
The name organelle comes from the idea that these structures are parts of cells, as organs are to the body, hence organelle, the suffix -elle being a diminutive. Organelles are either separately enclosed within their own lipid bilayers (also called membrane-bounded organelles) or are spatially distinct functional units without a surrounding ...
The cis-Golgi network is involved in the phosphorylation of oligosaccharides on lysosomal proteins, a modification that helps target proteins to the lysosomes. The medial-Golgi is the site of important reactions like the trimming of mannose and the addition of GlcNAc, which is essential for the formation of complex glycan structures.
Vesicles first leave the Golgi body and are released into the cytoplasm in a process called budding. Vesicles are then moved towards their destination by motor proteins . Once the vesicle arrives at its destination it joins with the bi-lipid layer in a process called fusion , and then releases its contents.
Golgi apparatus (also called the Golgi body, Golgi complex, or dictyosome), an organelle in a eukaryotic cell; Golgi tendon organ, a proprioceptive sensory receptor organ; Golgi's method or Golgi stain, a nervous tissue staining technique; Golgi alpha-mannosidase II, an enzyme; Golgi cell, a type of interneuron found in the cerebellum