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Varicocele might be noticed as soft lumps, usually above the testicle and mostly on the left side of the scrotum. [5] Right-sided and bilateral varicocele does also occur. Men with varicocele can feel symptoms of pain or heaviness in their scrotum. [5] Large varicoceles present as plexus of veins and may be described as a "bag of worms".
Chronic scrotal pain (pain for greater than 3 months) may occur due to a number of underlying conditions. [3] It occurs in 15-19% of men post vasectomy, due to infections such as epididymitis, prostatitis, and orchitis, as well as varicocele, hydrocele, spermatocele, polyarteritis nodosa, testicular torsion, previous surgery and trauma. [3]
Chronic testicular pain is long-term pain of the testes. [2] [3] It is considered chronic if it has persisted for more than three months. [1]Chronic testicular pain may be caused by injury, infection, surgery, cancer, varicocele, or testicular torsion, and is a possible complication after vasectomy. [2]
Epididymal hypertension (EH), informally referred to as blue balls for males or blue vulva for females, is a harmless but uncomfortable sensation in the genital regions during a prolonged state of sexual arousal. [2] [3] [4] It usually resolves within hours unless relieved through an orgasm. [2]
Varicoceles are the swelling of the veins inside the scrotum [12] typically on the left side. [14] These masses may appear or feel similar to a "bag of worms". [15] Usually varicoceles do not cause harm or pain, however, they can sometimes result in pain, infertility, or issues related to testicular growth. [14]
In older males and men who practice insertive anal sex, enteric bacteria are a common cause. [1] Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms. [1] Conditions that may result in similar symptoms include testicular torsion, inguinal hernia, and testicular cancer. [1] Ultrasound can be useful if the diagnosis is unclear. [1]
Males have two testicles of similar size contained within the scrotum, which is an extension of the abdominal wall. [1] Scrotal asymmetry, in which one testicle extends farther down into the scrotum than the other, is common. This is because of the differences in the vasculature's anatomy. [1]
The straight angle between the ovarian vein (or testicular vein in males in the case of varicocoele) and the renal vein has been proposed as a cause of decreased blood return. [ citation needed ] A related diagnosis is nutcracker syndrome where the left renal vein is described as being compressed between the aorta and the superior mesenteric ...