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The right lobe is of a somewhat quadrilateral form. Its under and posterior surfaces being marked by three fossæ: the fossa for the portal vein, the fossa for the gall-bladder and the fossae for the inferior vena cava. These separate the right lobe into two smaller lobes on its left posterior part: the quadrate lobe and the caudate lobe.
The liver is grossly divided into two parts when viewed from above – a right and a left lobe – and four parts when viewed from below (left, right, caudate, and quadrate lobes). [16] The falciform ligament makes a superficial division of the liver into a left and right lobe. From below, the two additional lobes are located between the right ...
The caudate lobe is a separate structure which receives blood flow from both the right- and left-sided vascular branches. [5] [6] The Caudate lobe includes: (1) the Spiegel lobe; (2) the paracaval portion; and (3) the caudate process portion. The Spiegel lobe has its portal venous and biliary branches ramified mainly from the left-side tract.
The left lower quadrant includes the left iliac fossa and half of the flank. The equivalent in other animals is left posterior quadrant. The left upper quadrant extends from the umbilical plane to the left ribcage. This is the left anterior quadrant in other animals. The right upper quadrant extends from umbilical plane to the right ribcage.
Normally this causes no symptoms, and this is called Chilaiditi's sign. The sign can be permanently present, or sporadically. This anatomical variant is sometimes mistaken for the more serious condition of having air under the diaphragm (pneumoperitoneum) which is usually an indication of bowel perforation, possibly leading to surgical ...
The gallbladder is located on the undersurface of the right lobe of the liver. [9] It produces bile, which is used to help process fats in the body. [9] Humans can live without the gallbladder. [10] The largest lymphatic organ is the spleen, which is dark purple and located under the lower ribs, around the left side of the upper abdomen.
During breathing, the diaphragm contracts and flattens, displacing the viscera and producing an outward movement of the upper abdominal wall (epigastric region). It is a convergence of the diaphragm and the abdominals, so that "when both sets of muscles (diaphragm and abdominals) tense, the epigastrium pushes forward". [ 1 ]
The right colic flexure or hepatic flexure (as it is next to the liver) is the sharp bend between the ascending colon and the transverse colon. The hepatic flexure lies in the right upper quadrant of the human abdomen. It receives blood supply from the superior mesenteric artery.