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Nicotine and other harmful chemicals in cigarettes interfere with the body's ability to create estrogen, a hormone that regulates folliculogenesis and ovulation. Also, cigarette smoking interferes with folliculogenesis, embryo transport, endometrial receptivity, endometrial angiogenesis, uterine blood flow and the uterine myometrium. [127]
Burning changes the properties of chemicals. Burning creates additional toxic compounds, including carcinogens. [6] According to the U.S. National Cancer Institute: "Of the more than 7,000 chemicals in tobacco smoke, at least 250 are known to be harmful, including hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, and ammonia. Among the 250 known harmful ...
Brazil's third batch of graphic images (since replaced), mandatory on all cigarette packs. Philippines. Graphic tobacco packaging warning messages from 2016 to 2018. Commercial tobacco smoke is a mixture of more than 5,000 chemicals. [1]
Tobacco smoke is a complex mixture of over 7,000 toxic chemicals, 98 of which are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and 69 of which are known to be carcinogenic. [86] The most important chemicals causing cancer are those that produce DNA damage, since such damage appears to be the primary underlying cause of cancer. [104]
Tobacco smoking harms health because of the toxic chemicals in tobacco smoke, including carbon monoxide, cyanide, and carcinogens, which have been proven to cause heart and lung diseases and cancer.
Third-hand smoke is residual nicotine and other chemicals left on a variety of indoor surfaces by tobacco smoke. This residue reacts with indoor pollutants to create a toxic mix. Containing cancer-causing substances, this third-hand smoke poses a potential health hazard to nonsmokers who are exposed to it, especially children.
E-cigarette vapor contains fewer toxic chemicals, [80] and lower concentrations of potential toxic chemicals than cigarette smoke. [85] The vapor is probably much less harmful to users and bystanders than cigarette smoke, [ 83 ] although concern exists that the exhaled vapor may be inhaled by non-users, particularly indoors.
Tobacco smoke contains a number of toxicologically significant chemicals and groups of chemicals, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (benzopyrene), tobacco-specific nitrosamines (NNK, NNN), aldehydes (acrolein, formaldehyde), carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, nitrogen oxides (nitrogen dioxide), benzene, toluene, phenols (phenol, cresol ...