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  2. History of atomic theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_atomic_theory

    Atomic theory is the scientific theory that matter is composed of particles called atoms. The definition of the word "atom" has changed over the years in response to ...

  3. Atomism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomism

    He described atomic theory as a 'Thoroughly materialistic bit of joiners work'. [77] English chemist Alexander Williamson used his Presidential Address to the London Chemical Society in 1869 [78] to defend the atomic theory against its critics and doubters. This in turn led to further meetings at which the positivists again attacked the ...

  4. Plum pudding model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plum_pudding_model

    Thomson's model marks the moment when the development of atomic theory passed from chemists to physicists. While atomic theory was widely accepted by chemists by the end of the 19th century, physicists remained skeptical because the atomic model lacked any properties which concerned their field, such as electric charge, magnetic moment, volume, or absolute mass.

  5. Logical atomism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_atomism

    The Theory of Acquaintance says that for any given statement taking the form of an atomic proposition, we must be familiar with the assertion it makes. For example, in the positive statement, "the leaf is green," we must be acquainted with the atomic fact that the leaf is green, and we know that this statement corresponds to exactly this one fact.

  6. Niels Bohr - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niels_Bohr

    Niels Henrik David Bohr (7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962) was a Danish theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922.

  7. Leucippus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucippus

    Leucippus was the first Western philosopher to develop the concept of atoms, but his ideas only bear a superficial resemblance to modern atomic theory. Leucippus's atoms come in infinitely many forms and exist in constant motion, creating a deterministic world in which everything is caused by the collisions of atoms.

  8. John Dalton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dalton

    John Dalton FRS (/ ˈ d ɔː l t ən /; 5 or 6 September 1766 – 27 July 1844) was an English chemist, physicist and meteorologist. [1] He introduced the atomic theory into chemistry.

  9. Rutherford model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutherford_model

    After Rutherford's discovery, subsequent research determined the atomic structure which led to Rutherford's gold foil experiment. Scientists eventually discovered that atoms have a positively charged nucleus (with an atomic number of charges) in the center, with a radius of about 1.2 × 10 −15 meters × [atomic mass number] 1 ⁄ 3. Electrons ...