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Normally, metabolism of cocaine produces two primarily biologically inactive metabolites—benzoylecgonine and ecgonine methyl ester. The hepatic enzyme carboxylesterase is an important part of cocaine's metabolism because it acts as a catalyst for the hydrolysis of cocaine in the liver, which produces these inactive metabolites.
Chemically, benzoylecgonine is the benzoate ester of ecgonine. It is a primary metabolite of cocaine, [1] and is pharmacologically inactive. [2] It is the corresponding carboxylic acid of cocaine, its methyl ester. It is formed in the liver by the metabolism of cocaine by hydrolysis, catalysed by carboxylesterases, and subsequently excreted in ...
In vitro binding studies indicate that benzoylecgonine is ~2,200x less potent than cocaine at the dopamine transporter, possibly due to zwitterion formation preventing strong DAT binding. In contrast to in vitro studies, the lack of activity observed in in vivo studies is likely the result of reduced blood–brain barrier penetration than ...
The Los Angeles County Department of Medical Examiner-Coroner's Office has released Anne Heche's final autopsy, and the 12-page report makes it clear that while the actress did have cocaine in her ...
An adverse analytical finding (AAF), also known as a testing positive, occurs when a laboratory accredited by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) "identifies the presence of a prohibited substance and/or its metabolites or markers in a sample". [1]
The convicted man said he mixed a cocktail of drugs, which included cocaine, MDMA, and benzodiazepines, in his wife's drinks. The post Husband Admits To Poisoning Wife’s Coke In Twisted Plot To ...
The drug can also be referred to as Tusi — a phonetic translation of “2C” — and often comes in the form of a vibrant pink powder. The color reportedly comes from the addition of colored ...
Esterom is an investigational drug being studied as a topical analgesic. Chemically, it is a mixture of compounds derived from the esterification of cocaine in propylene glycol. [1] While the major component is benzoylecgonine, [2] the analgesic activity is likely to due to hydroxypropyl benzoylecgonine, the only component that penetrates the ...
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