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An autosome is any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome. [1] The members of an autosome pair in a diploid cell have the same morphology , unlike those in allosomal ( sex chromosome ) pairs, which may have different structures.
In the case of the chicken, their Z chromosome is more similar to humans' autosome 9. [26] The chicken's Z chromosome also seems to be related to the X chromosome of the platypus. [ 27 ] When a ZW species, such as the Komodo dragon , reproduces parthenogenetically , usually only males are produced.
There is one experimentally documented case of sex chromosome turnover occurring during a 30-year evolutionary experiment involving teleost fish (specifically the swordtails), in which hybridization experiments resulted in a translocation of the sex-determiner region of a sex chromosome into an autosome. This resulted in the autosome becoming a ...
Detail of a human metaphase spread. A region in the pseudoautosomal region of the short arms of the X chromosome (left) and the Y chromosome (top right) was detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization (green).
Chromosome 1 is the designation for the largest human chromosome.Humans have two copies of chromosome 1, as they do with all of the autosomes, which are the non-sex chromosomes.
Chromosome 21 is both the smallest human autosome and chromosome, [4] with 46.7 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) representing about 1.5 percent of the total DNA in cells. Most people have two copies of chromosome 21, while those with three copies of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21) have Down syndrome .
An autosome is an ordinary paired chromosome that is the same in all genders of a species. Shouldn't that be sexes rather than genders? --Brion 00:45 Sep 27, 2002 (UTC) An autosomal dominant gene is one on an autosome and is always expressed, even if a single copy exists. The chance is 1:2 for passing this gene to offspring.
A karyotype is the general appearance of the complete set of chromosomes in the cells of a species or in an individual organism, mainly including their sizes, numbers, and shapes.