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Interleukin 8 is a chemokine produced by macrophages and other cell types such as epithelial cells, airway smooth muscle cells [25] and endothelial cells. Endothelial cells store IL-8 in their storage vesicles, the Weibel-Palade bodies. [26] [27] In humans, the interleukin-8 protein is encoded by the CXCL8 gene. [28]
They include interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-12, and IL-18, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFNγ), and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and play an important role in mediating the innate immune response. Inflammatory cytokines are predominantly produced by and involved in the upregulation of ...
Interleukin-18 (IL-18), also known as interferon-gamma inducing factor is a protein which in humans is encoded by the IL18 gene. [5] [6] The protein encoded by this gene is a proinflammatory cytokine. Many cell types, both hematopoietic cells and non-hematopoietic cells, have the potential to produce IL-18.
116849 Ensembl ENSG00000127318 ENSMUSG00000090461 UniProt Q9GZX6 Q9JJY8 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_020525 NM_054079 RefSeq (protein) NP_065386 NP_473420 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 68.25 – 68.25 Mb Chr 10: 118.13 – 118.13 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL22 gene. Structure IL-22 is an α-helical cytokine. IL ...
Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) also known as hematopoietin 1 is a cytokine of the interleukin 1 family that in humans is encoded by the IL1A gene. [5] [6] In general, Interleukin 1 is responsible for the production of inflammation, as well as the promotion of fever and sepsis. IL-1α inhibitors are being developed to interrupt those processes ...
The complement system is part of the innate as well as the adaptive immune system; it is a group of circulating proteins that can bind pathogens and form a membrane attack complex. Complement deficiencies are the result of a lack of any of these proteins. They may predispose to infections but also to autoimmune conditions. [7]
Interleukin 20 (IL20) is a protein that is in humans encoded by the IL20 gene which is located in close proximity to the IL-10 gene on the 1q32 chromosome. [5] [6] IL-20 is a part of an IL-20 subfamily which is a part of a larger IL-10 family. [5] IL-20 subfamily also includes other cytokines, including IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, and IL-26. [5]
IL-12 binds to the IL-12 receptor, which is a heterodimeric receptor formed by IL-12Rβ1 and IL-12Rβ2. [6] IL-12Rβ2 is considered to play a key role in IL-12 function, since it is found on activated T cells and is stimulated by cytokines that promote Th1 cells development and inhibited by those that promote Th2 cells development.