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Budiodarone (ATI-2042) is an antiarrhythmic agent and chemical analog of amiodarone that is currently being studied in clinical trials.Amiodarone is considered the most effective antiarrhythmic drug available, [1] [2] [3] but its adverse side effects, including hepatic, pulmonary and thyroid toxicity as well as multiple drug interactions, [4] are discouraging its use.
Amiodarone has mostly Class III activity, but also I, II, & IV activity [6] Prevent paroxysmal atrial fibrillation [7] and haemodynamically stable ventricular tachycardia [8] (amiodarone) Treat atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation (ibutilide) Treat ventricular tachycardia and atrial fibrillation (sotalol) Treat Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome; IV
Amiodarone is also safe to use in individuals with cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation, to maintain normal sinus rhythm. Amiodarone prolongation of the action potential is uniform over a wide range of heart rates, so this drug does not have reverse use-dependent action. Amiodarone was the first agent described in this class. [4]
Amiodarone is an effective, antiarrhythmic-of-choice in achieving cardioversion to sinus rhythm in critical care populations with new onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF). However, other anti-arrhythmic agents may exert superior rhythm control, rate control and lower mortality rate which may be more favourable than amiodarone in specific cases.
Atrial fibrillation (AF, AFib or A-fib) is an abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) characterized by rapid and irregular beating of the atrial chambers of the heart. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] It often begins as short periods of abnormal beating , which become longer or continuous over time. [ 4 ]
Cardiac cells have two refractory periods, the first from the beginning of phase 0 until part way through phase 3; this is known as the absolute refractory period during which it is impossible for the cell to produce another action potential. This is immediately followed, until the end of phase 3, by a relative refractory period, during which a ...
Synchronized electrical cardioversion is used to treat hemodynamically unstable supraventricular (or narrow complex) tachycardias, including atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. It is also used in the emergent treatment of wide complex tachycardias, including ventricular tachycardia, when a pulse is present.
During atrial fibrillation, this process becomes chaotic and the atrial depolarization occurs faster than it should causing the irregular heart beat and impaired atrial contraction. [5] XEN-D0101 is a Kv1.5 antagonist that selectively prolongs the atrial refractory period.