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The timing (phase angle) of the camshaft relative to the crankshaft can be adjusted to shift an engine's power band to a different RPM range. Advancing the camshaft (shifting it to ahead of the crankshaft timing) increases low RPM torque, while retarding the camshaft (shifting it to after the crankshaft) increases high RPM power. [22]
This engine produced 215 PS (158 kW; 212 hp) DIN net at 5,800 rpm and 275 N⋅m (203 lb⋅ft) DIN net of torque at 4,600 rpm [1] and 243 PS (179 kW; 240 hp) net (brake hp) at 6,100 RPM and 294 N⋅m (217 lb⋅ft) net torque at 4,800 RPM. An optional high-performance "Sport" camshaft was also available.
The general idea being to improve the high RPM performance without the associated problems of a long-duration racing cam which are lack of lower RPM power, rough idle, etc. Engines typically need a roughly linear increase in duration as the RPM rises. The aim is to maximise the torque at every point in the allowable RPM range.
The high-output cam profile is not activated until approximately 6,200 rpm, (lift set-points are between 6,000–6,700 rpm depending on the vehicle) and will not engage until the engine has reached at least 60 °C (140 °F). The Toyota PCM electronically limits RPM to about 8,200 RPM via fuel and/or spark cut.
Honda K24A4 2.4L DOHC i-VTEC Engine installed in 2003 Honda Accord. The Honda K-series engine is a line of four-cylinder four-stroke car engines introduced in 2001. The K-series engines are equipped with DOHC valvetrains and use roller rockers on the cylinder head to reduce friction.
The BMW S52 engine is a high performance variant of the M52 which powered the American and Canadian market E36 M3 from 1996 to 1999. In 1998, the "technical update" (M52TU) upgrades included adding variable valve timing to the exhaust camshaft.