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Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and sclera due to high bilirubin levels. [3] [6] Jaundice in adults is typically a sign indicating the presence of underlying diseases involving abnormal heme metabolism, liver dysfunction, or biliary-tract obstruction. [7]
A more serious consequence of working with TNT powder was liver toxicity, which led to anaemia and jaundice. This condition, known as "toxic jaundice", gave the skin a different type of yellow hue. A medical investigation was carried out by the government in 1916, to closely study the effects of TNT on the munitions workers.
Conjunctival icterus can be quantified by the Jaundice Eye Colour Index (JECI) through digital photography of the sclera, where a JECI of 0 indicates a white colour, and a JECI of 0.1 indicates an intense yellow colour, which is a sign of hemolytic jaundice. [31]
Jaundice (when your skin or the whites of your eyes turn yellow due to liver damage) Swelling in your abdomen or legs. If fatty liver disease leads to cirrhosis, you might experience: Fatigue ...
Mild jaundice may appear under conditions of exertion, stress, fasting, and infections, but the condition is otherwise usually asymptomatic. [7] [8] Severe cases are seen by yellowing of the skin tone and yellowing of the conjunctiva in the eye. [9] Gilbert syndrome has been reported to contribute to an accelerated onset of neonatal jaundice.
Physical examination reviews clinical symptoms like degree of jaundice, vital signs and sensations of pain, further followed by urine tests, blood analysis and imaging. [3] [4] The degree of yellowish staining of the conjunctiva and skin in jaundice is proportional to hyperbilirubinemia to some extent. [6]
Carotenosis is a benign and reversible medical condition where an excess of dietary carotenoids results in orange discoloration of the outermost skin layer.The discoloration is most easily observed in light-skinned people and may be mistaken for jaundice.
Some may report jaundice (yellow discoloration of the skin and the whites of the eyes). [1] Physical examination findings typically include jaundice and right upper quadrant tenderness. [1] Charcot's triad is a set of three common findings in cholangitis: abdominal pain, jaundice, and fever. [4]