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The Life Events and Difficulties Schedule is a psychological measurement of the stressfulness of life events. It was created by psychologists George Brown and Tirril Harris in 1978. [ 1 ] Instead of accumulating the stressfulness of different events, as was done in the Social Readjustment Rating Scale by Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe, they ...
Perseverative cognition is involved with a “stress-disease link". [1] Further, it is the thinking about the stress, or rather the obsessing over it, that establishes a link between stress and disease. Perseverative cognition also focuses on the effects that worrying over anticipated events have on the physical body and mind. [2]
Causal attributions of the event are a way to deal with the stress of an event, and so self-blame is a type of coping. [10] [11] During and after traumatic events, individuals’ appraisals affect how stressful the event is, their beliefs on what caused the event, meanings they may derive from the event, and changes they make in their future ...
Coping strategies can be cognitions or behaviors and can be individual or social. To cope is to deal with struggles and difficulties in life. [1] It is a way for people to maintain their mental and emotional well-being. [2] Everybody has ways of handling difficult events that occur in life, and that is what it means to cope.
This model uses cognitive appraisal as a way to explain responses to stressful events. [5]According to this theory, two distinct forms of cognitive appraisal must occur in order for an individual to feel stress in response to an event; Lazarus called these stages "primary appraisal" and "secondary appraisal". [5]
The way an individual reacts to stress can directly overlap with their ability to regulate emotion. [110] Although the two concepts differ in a multitude of ways, "both coping [with stress] and emotion regulation involve affect modulation and appraisal processes" that are necessary for healthy relationships and self-identity. [111]
Distress is the most commonly referred to type of stress, having negative implications, whereas eustress is usually related to desirable events in a person's life. [17] Selye first differentiated the two in an article he wrote in 1975. [18]
Farmers, for instance, may claim that they prevent famine, artists may say that they take our minds off our worries, and teachers may hold that they hand down tools for coping with life hazards. In certain aspects of collective life, however, suffering is more readily an explicit concern by itself.