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The Standard Model of particle physics is the theory describing three of the four known fundamental forces (electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions – excluding gravity) in the universe and classifying all known elementary particles.
The Standard Model predicts that each of these three numbers should be conserved separately in a manner similar to the way baryon number is conserved. These numbers are collectively known as lepton family numbers (LF). (This result depends on the assumption made in Standard Model that neutrinos are massless.
Complete arithmetic (also known as true arithmetic) is the theory of the standard model of arithmetic, the natural numbers N. It is complete but does not have a recursively enumerable set of axioms. It is complete but does not have a recursively enumerable set of axioms.
The Standard Model is widely considered to be a provisional theory rather than a truly fundamental one, however, since it is not known if it is compatible with Einstein's general relativity. There may be hypothetical elementary particles not described by the Standard Model, such as the graviton , the particle that would carry the gravitational ...
Elementary embeddings are the most important maps in model theory. In set theory, elementary embeddings whose domain is V (the universe of set theory) play an important role in the theory of large cardinals (see also Critical point).
A model completion for a theory T is a model companion T* such that for any model M of T, the theory of T* together with the diagram of M is complete. Roughly speaking, this means every model of T is embeddable in a model of T* in a unique way. If T* is a model companion of T then the following conditions are equivalent: [3] T* is a model ...
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The Standard Model of particle physics was finalized in the mid-1970s upon experimental confirmation of the existence of quarks.Subsequent discoveries of the top quark (1995), the tau neutrino (2000), and the Higgs boson (2013), gave the model further credence.