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The history of Polish as a language of state governance begins in the 16th century in the Kingdom of Poland. Over the later centuries, Polish served as the official language in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Congress Poland, the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, and as the administrative language in the Russian Empire's Western Krai.
The Polish language is a West Slavic language, and thus descends from Proto-Slavic, and more distantly from Proto-Indo-European.More specifically, it is a member of the Lechitic branch of the West Slavic languages, along with other languages spoken in areas within or close to the area of modern Poland: including Kashubian, Silesian, and the extinct Slovincian and Polabian.
Polish is the only official language recognized by the country's constitution and the majority of the country's population speak it as a native language or use it for home communication. [3] [4] Deaf communities in Poland use Polish Sign Language, which belongs to the German family of Sign Languages.
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Polish does not regularly place nouns together to form compound noun expressions. Equivalents to such expressions are formed using noun-derived adjectives (as in sok pomarańczowy , "orange juice", where pomarańczowy is an adjective derived from pomarańcza "orange"), or using prepositional phrases or (equivalently) a noun in the genitive or ...
Polonization or Polonisation (Polish: polonizacja) [1] is the acquisition or imposition of elements of Polish culture, in particular the Polish language.This happened in some historic periods among non-Polish populations in territories controlled by or substantially under the influence of Poland.
The Lesser Polish dialect group (Polish: dialekt małopolski) is a of dialect group of the Polish language used in Lesser Poland. The exact area is difficult to delineate due to the expansion of its features and the existence of transitional subdialects. [1] The common traits of the Lesser Polish dialect include: mazurzenie [2]
Kashubian contains a number of features not found in other Polish dialects, e.g. nine distinct oral vowels (vs. the six of standard Polish), evolution of the Proto-Slavic TorT group to TarT (a feature not found in any other Slavic language) and (in the northern dialects) phonemic word stress, an archaic feature preserved from Common Slavic ...