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A lump-sum tax is a special way of taxation, based on a fixed amount, rather than on the real circumstance of the taxed entity. [1] In this, the entity cannot do anything to change their liability. [2] In contrast with a per unit tax, lump-sum tax does not increase in size as the output increases. [3]
A lump sum could be $10,000, $50,000, $200,000 or any amount that is large given your situation. You might find yourself with a lump sum for any number of reasons. Perhaps you received an inheritance.
If the unadjusted tax rate was optimal, the assumption is that the net marginal benefit of increased taxation is zero near the optimum rate (the marginal costs and benefits sum to zero). If the distortionary costs of capital taxation are then lowered by deductions or credits, then the net benefit of rate increases will become positive, implying ...
A lump sum is a single payment of money, as opposed to a series of payments made over time (such as an annuity). [1] [2] [3] [4]The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development distinguishes between "price analysis" and "cost analysis" by whether the decision maker compares lump sum amounts, or subjects contract prices to an itemized cost breakdown.
A word sort is a developmental word study activity espoused by the Words Their Way curriculum as written by Donald R. Bear, Marcia Invernizzi, Shane Templeton, and Francine Johnston. The activity focuses students' attention on critical features of words, namely sound, pattern, and meaning.
In a lump sum contract, the owner has essentially assigned all the risk to the contractor, who in turn can be expected to ask for a higher markup in order to take care of unforeseen contingencies. A Contractor under a lump sum agreement will be responsible for the proper job execution and will provide its own means and methods to complete the ...
Negativity must be checked for as the utility maximization problem can give an answer where the optimal demand of a good is negative, which in reality is not possible as this is outside the domain. If the demand for one good is negative, the optimal consumption bundle will be where 0 of this good is consumed and all income is spent on the other ...
In fact "lump sum" is simply a fancy way of saying "single total". This addition may be over time (in the case of the lump sum value of an annuity or perpetuity), or of costs (in an invoice giving only a lump sum total, rather than itemised costs). Regardless, the concept is very simple, and really quite trivial.