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Riemann knew that the non-trivial zeros of the zeta function were symmetrically distributed about the line s = 1/2 + it, and he knew that all of its non-trivial zeros must lie in the range 0 ≤ Re(s) ≤ 1. He checked that a few of the zeros lay on the critical line with real part 1/2 and suggested that they all do; this is the Riemann hypothesis.
The Riemann hypothesis is one of the most important conjectures in mathematics.It is a statement about the zeros of the Riemann zeta function.Various geometrical and arithmetical objects can be described by so-called global L-functions, which are formally similar to the Riemann zeta-function.
The other terms also correspond to zeros: The dominant term li(x) comes from the pole at s = 1, considered as a zero of multiplicity −1, and the remaining small terms come from the trivial zeros. This formula says that the zeros of the Riemann zeta function control the oscillations of primes around their "expected" positions.
The Riemann hypothesis, considered one of the greatest unsolved problems in mathematics, asserts that all non-trivial zeros are on the critical line. In 1989, Conrey proved that more than 40% of the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function are on the critical line. [9] This has since been improved to 41.7%. [10]
Based on a new algorithm developed by Odlyzko and Arnold Schönhage that allowed them to compute a value of ζ(1/2 + it) in an average time of t ε steps, Odlyzko computed millions of zeros at heights around 10 20 and gave some evidence for the GUE conjecture. [3] [4] The figure contains the first 10 5 non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta ...
The Riemann hypothesis states that the real part of every nontrivial zero must be 1 / 2 . In other words, all known nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta are of the form z = 1 / 2 + yi where y is a real number. The following table contains the decimal expansion of Im(z) for the first few nontrivial zeros:
Specifically, the Riemann Hypothesis is about when 𝜁(s)=0; the official statement is, “Every nontrivial zero of the Riemann zeta function has real part 1/2.”
The entire function ξ(s), related to the zeta function through the gamma function (or the Π function, in Riemann's usage) The discrete function J(x) defined for x ≥ 0, which is defined by J(0) = 0 and J(x) jumps by 1/n at each prime power p n. (Riemann calls this function f(x).) Among the proofs and sketches of proofs: