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The Maslach Burnout Inventory has been used in a variety of studies to study burnout, including with health professionals [26] [27] [28] and teachers. [29] [30] Evidence adduced by Ahola et al. (2014) [31] and Bianchi et al. (2014) [32] suggests that the MBI is measuring a depressive condition.
It was the first such instrument of its kind, and soon became the most widely used measure of occupational burnout. [45] The two researchers described occupational burnout in terms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization (feeling low-empathy towards other people in an occupational setting), and reduced feelings of work-related accomplishment.
Christina Maslach (born January 21, 1946) [1] is an American social psychologist and professor emerita of psychology at the University of California, Berkeley, [2] known for her research on occupational burnout. [3] She is a co-author of the Maslach Burnout Inventory [4] and Areas of Worklife Survey. [5]
For most young athletes, early sports specialization includes giving up other sports and following an intensive training regimen. [ 6 ] [ 9 ] An intensive training program usually means more hours per week of organized sports activities than the athlete is years old (e.g., 8 hours per week for an 8 year old, 16 hours per week for a 16 year old ...
Some support for this conceptualization has emerged. For example, Hewitt et al. (1992) found that the perceived helplessness items tended to predict depression in both men and women while the positively phrased items tended to predict depression in women only. [28]
70% of kids drop out of sports before 13 years old, a third experience overtraining and nearly 10% of athletes are burnt out. AAP Report: 7 in 10 kids quit sports before high school due to burnout ...
Mental toughness is a measure of individual psychological resilience and confidence that may predict success in sport, education, and in the workplace. [1] The concept emerged in the context of sports training and sports psychology, as one of a set of attributes that allow a person to become a better athlete and able to cope with difficult training and difficult competitive situations and ...
Sex verification in sports (also known as gender verification, or as gender determination or a sex test) occurs because eligibility of athletes to compete is restricted whenever sporting events are limited to a single sex, which is generally the case, as well as when events are limited to mixed-sex teams of defined composition (e.g., most pairs ...