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Human pregnancy can be divided into three trimesters, each approximately three months long: the first, second, and third trimester. The first trimester is from the last menstrual period through the 13th week, the second trimester is 14th–28/29th week, and the third trimester is 29/30th–42nd week. [6]
Third Trimester Pregnancy Symptoms. Welcome to the third and final trimester of pregnancy. Pregnancy Symptoms Week 28. 28 weeks pregnant baby size (Photo Illustration/Getty Images)
The third trimester is defined as starting, between the beginning of week 28 (27 weeks + 0 days of GA) [37] or beginning of week 29 (28 weeks + 0 days of GA). [4] It lasts until childbirth. Timeline of pregnancy, including (from top to bottom): Trimesters, embryo/fetus development, gestational age in weeks and months, viability and maturity stages
History of 3 or more pregnancy losses; Carrying a fetus with structural malformations; Undergoing amniocentesis in the third trimester has been associated with an increased risk of preterm labor, as defined as the onset of labor between 20 and 37 weeks' gestation, and preterm delivery. [1]
Total cortisol increases to three times of non-pregnant levels by the third trimester. [5] The increased estrogen in pregnancy leads to increase corticosteroid-binding globulin production and in response the adrenal gland produces more cortisol. [5] The net effect is an increase of free cortisol.
Also starting about week 12, the thoracic diaphragm moves up and down as if the fetus were breathing, but this movement disappears about week 16 and does not resume until the third trimester. [16] Movements such as kicking continue, and the mother usually feels movement for the first time, an event called quickening, during the fifth month. [17]
Use of cardiotocography during the third trimester to monitor fetal wellbeing. Third trimester Non-invasive Maternal blood pressure Used to screen for pre-eclampsia throughout the pregnancy. First, second and third trimester Non-invasive Maternal weighing Unusually low or high maternal weight can indicate problems with the pregnancy.
The newer integrated screen (formerly called F.A.S.T.E.R for First And Second Trimester Early Results) can be done at 10 plus weeks to 13 plus weeks with an ultrasound of the fetal neck (thicker nuchal skin correlates with higher risk of Down syndrome being present) and two chemicals (analytes), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and human ...