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  2. Geodesics on an ellipsoid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodesics_on_an_ellipsoid

    On a triaxial ellipsoid, there are only three simple closed geodesics, the three principal sections of the ellipsoid given by X = 0, Y = 0, and Z = 0. [7] To survey the other geodesics, it is convenient to consider geodesics that intersect the middle principal section, Y = 0 , at right angles.

  3. Map projection of the triaxial ellipsoid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Map_projection_of_the_tri...

    In geodesy, a map projection of the triaxial ellipsoid maps Earth or some other astronomical body modeled as a triaxial ellipsoid to the plane. Such a model is called the reference ellipsoid. In most cases, reference ellipsoids are spheroids, and sometimes spheres. Massive objects have sufficient gravity to overcome their own rigidity and ...

  4. Earth section paths - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_section_paths

    The maximum difference in length between a great ellipse and the corresponding geodesic of length 5,000 nautical miles is about 10.5 meters. The lateral deviation between them may be as large as 3.7 nautical miles. A normal section connecting the two points will be closer to the geodesic than the great ellipse, unless the path touches the equator.

  5. Geographical distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographical_distance

    Geodesic on an oblate ellipsoid. An ellipsoid approximates the surface of the Earth much better than a sphere or a flat surface does. The shortest distance along the surface of an ellipsoid between two points on the surface is along the geodesic. Geodesics follow more complicated paths than great circles and in particular, they usually don't ...

  6. Vincenty's formulae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincenty's_formulae

    Vincenty's goal was to express existing algorithms for geodesics on an ellipsoid in a form that minimized the program length (Vincenty 1975a). His unpublished report (1975b) mentions the use of a Wang 720 desk calculator, which had only a few kilobytes of memory. To obtain good accuracy for long lines, the solution uses the classical solution ...

  7. Geodetic coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodetic_coordinates

    Geodetic latitude and geocentric latitude have different definitions. Geodetic latitude is defined as the angle between the equatorial plane and the surface normal at a point on the ellipsoid, whereas geocentric latitude is defined as the angle between the equatorial plane and a radial line connecting the centre of the ellipsoid to a point on the surface (see figure).

  8. Theorem of the three geodesics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theorem_of_the_three_geodesics

    A triaxial ellipsoid and its three geodesics. A geodesic, on a Riemannian surface, is a curve that is locally straight at each of its points. On the Euclidean plane the geodesics are lines, and on a sphere the geodesics are great circles. The shortest path in the surface between two points is always a geodesic, but other geodesics may exist as ...

  9. Geodesic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodesic

    Klein quartic with 28 geodesics (marked by 7 colors and 4 patterns). In geometry, a geodesic (/ ˌ dʒ iː. ə ˈ d ɛ s ɪ k,-oʊ-,-ˈ d iː s ɪ k,-z ɪ k /) [1] [2] is a curve representing in some sense the locally [a] shortest [b] path between two points in a surface, or more generally in a Riemannian manifold.