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The .40-60 Winchester is a centerfire rifle cartridge intended for 19th-century big-game hunting. [5] Nomenclature of the era indicated the .40-60 cartridge contained a 0.40-inch (10 mm) diameter bullet with 60 grains (3.9 g) of gunpowder.
Internal ballistics (also interior ballistics), a subfield of ballistics, is the study of the propulsion of a projectile. In guns , internal ballistics covers the time from the propellant 's ignition until the projectile exits the gun barrel . [ 1 ]
An old .38-40 Winchester sample. It is unclear why this cartridge was introduced, as it is very similar to the .44-40 from which it was derived. It has approximately 110 ft⋅lbf (150 J) less muzzle energy, and has a muzzle velocity about 110 ft/s (34 m/s) less than the .44-40.
Photo of synthetic ballistic gelatin showing terminal fragmentation of a .243 projectile. Ballistic gelatin is a testing medium designed to simulate the effects of bullet wounds in animal muscle tissue. It was developed and improved by Martin Fackler and others in the field of wound ballistics. It is calibrated to match pig muscle, which is ...
Speer Gold Dot 124gr 9mm+P in SIG P226 magazines. Overpressure ammunition, commonly designated as +P or +P+ (pronounced Plus-P or Plus-P-Plus), is small arms ammunition that has been loaded to produce a higher internal pressure when fired than is standard for ammunition of its caliber (see internal ballistics), but less than the pressures generated by a proof round.
While CUP and LUP numbers were intended to be comparable to the crushing power of a given pressure, the numbers are not equivalent. Since a longer duration, lower pressure pulse can crush the cylinder as much as a shorter duration, higher pressure pulse, CUP and LUP pressures frequently register lower than actual peak pressures (as measured by a transducer) by up to 20 %.
The VPAM scale as of 2009 runs from 1 to 14, with 1-5 being soft armor, and 6-14 being hard armor. [1] Tested armor must withstand three hits, spaced 120 mm (4.7 inches) apart, of the designated test threat with no more than 25 mm (0.98 inches) of back-face deformation in order to pass.
The 6.5mm Creedmoor is known for its exceptional accuracy and long-range performance. According to Gunners' Review, this ammunition is often regarded as a secret weapon for precision shooters due to its impressive ballistic properties. [11] The 6.5mm Creedmoor is a medium-power cartridge comparable to the .260 Remington [12] and 6.5×47mm Lapua ...