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ggplot2 is an open-source data visualization package for the statistical programming language R.Created by Hadley Wickham in 2005, ggplot2 is an implementation of Leland Wilkinson's Grammar of Graphics—a general scheme for data visualization which breaks up graphs into semantic components such as scales and layers. ggplot2 can serve as a replacement for the base graphics in R and contains a ...
gnuplot is a command-line and GUI program that can generate two- and three-dimensional plots of functions, data, and data fits.The program runs on all major computers and operating systems (Linux, Unix, Microsoft Windows, macOS, FreeDOS, and many others). [3]
Matplotlib can create plots in a variety of output formats, such as PNG and SVG. Matplotlib mainly does 2-D plots (such as line, contour, bar, scatter, etc.), but 3-D functionality is also available. A simple SVG line plot with Matplotlib. Here is a minimal line plot (output image is shown on the right):
This line attempts to display the non-random component of the association between the variables in a 2D scatter plot. Smoothing attempts to separate the non-random behaviour in the data from the random fluctuations, removing or reducing these fluctuations, and allows prediction of the response based value of the explanatory variable .
A ridgeline plot (also known as a joyplot [1] [note 1]) is a series of line plots that are combined by vertical stacking to allow the easy visualization of changes through space or time. The plots are often overlapped slightly to allow the changes to be more clearly contrasted. [2] [3] [4] [5]
A stem-and-leaf plot of prime numbers under 100 shows that the most frequent tens digits are 0 and 1 while the least is 9. A stem-and-leaf display or stem-and-leaf plot is a device for presenting quantitative data in a graphical format, similar to a histogram, to assist in visualizing the shape of a distribution.
A line may not always be continuous, broken or implied lines are also commonly used in graphics. A series of dots or dashes can still be a line, because it can still be used to fulfill the purpose of a regular unbroken line. An implied line is something that directs the viewer’s eye to a particular point in space without actually using a real ...
The Gauss-Legendre methods are implicit, so in general they cannot be applied exactly. Instead one makes an educated guess of , and then uses Newton's method to converge arbitrarily close to the true solution.