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According to Marija Gimbutas, the Vinča culture was part of Old Europe – a relatively homogeneous, peaceful and matrifocal culture that occupied Europe during the Neolithic. According to this hypothesis its period of decline was followed by an invasion of warlike, horse-riding Proto-Indo-European tribes from the Pontic–Caspian steppe . [ 40 ]
In 2007 it was reported that a preliminary dating of a Pločnik copper workshop with a furnace and copper tools to 5,500 BCE, if correct, indicated the Copper Age could have started in Europe 500 years or more earlier than previously thought. [2]
Lepenski Vir is a mesolithic archaeological site of the Iron Gates culture, near Donji Milanovac, dating to 7000 BC with the peak of culture in 5300–4800 BC. Numerous piscine sculptures and peculiar architecture are testimony to a rich social and religious life led by the inhabitants and the high cultural level of these early Europeans.
Vinča-Belo Brdo (Serbian: Винча-Бело брдо) is an archaeological site in Vinča, a suburb of Belgrade, Serbia.The tell of Belo Brdo ('White Hill') is almost entirely made up of the remains of human settlement, and was occupied several times from the Early Neolithic (c. 5700 BCE) through to the Middle Ages.
A modern drawing of a clay vessel unearthed in Vinča, found at a depth of 8.5 m (28 ft). The Vinča symbols [a] are a set of undeciphered symbols found on artifacts from the Neolithic Vinča culture and other "Old European" cultures of Central and Southeast Europe.
The researchers confirmed the presence of two Neolithic settlements (Vinca culture), set apart from one another by approximately 200 meters. In the earlier date settlement or Fafos I, were discovered dwellings of half-buried shelter huts, whereas, in the later date settlement, or Fafos II, were discovered house-huts aligned one aside the other.
This flourishing culture was the largest known in Europe at that time, extending along the Danube into the Balkans and Central Europe. Thousands of clay statuettes have been discovered in the region's Vinca settlements suggestive of the intense magic-religious practices within the Vinca culture.
Neolithic clay amulet (retouched), part of the Tărtăria tablets set, supposedly dated to c. 5500–2750 BC and associated with the Turdaș-Vinča culture.. The Tărtăria tablets (Romanian pronunciation: [tərtəˈri.a]) are three tablets, reportedly discovered in 1961 at a Neolithic site in the village of Tărtăria in Săliștea commune (about 30 km (19 mi) from Alba Iulia), from Transylvania.