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clerics regular (priests who take religious vows and have an active apostolic life); mendicants ( friars and religious sisters , possibly living and working in a friary or a convent , who live from alms, recite the Divine Office, and, in the case of the men, participate in apostolic activities); and
In Christianity, the term secular clergy refers to deacons and priests who are not monastics or otherwise members of religious life. Secular priests (sometimes known as diocesan priests) are priests who commit themselves to a certain geographical area and are ordained into the service of the residents of a diocese [1] or equivalent church administrative region.
Some join as diocesan priests or deacons, and some institutes are founded specifically for diocesan priests who wish to take vows and lead a consecrated life while still being incardinated in their diocese and working in the diocesan framework. Some secular institutes even train and incardinate their own priests.
In the Catholic Church, the vows of members of religious orders and congregations are regulated by canons 654-658 of the Code of Canon Law. These are public vows, meaning vows accepted by a superior in the name of the Church, [5] and they are usually of two durations: temporary, and, after a few years, final vows (permanent or "perpetual ...
Dominican sisters are not enclosed. They take simple vows, live in convents, and are engaged in many different apostolates. Priestly Fraternities - Prior to Vatican II, the Dominican Third Order secular included both lay persons and clergy. A separate fraternity, with its own constitution and rule, was then established for diocesan priests.
The Catholic Church recognizes the validity of holy orders administered by the Eastern Orthodox, Polish National, Oriental Orthodox, and the Assyrian Church of the East because those churches have maintained the apostolic succession of bishops, i.e., their bishops claim to be in a line of succession dating back to the Apostles, just as Catholic ...
Some institutes take additional vows (a "fourth vow" is typical), specifying some particular work or defining condition of their way of life (e.g., the Jesuit vow to undertake any mission upon which they are sent by the pope; the Missionaries of Charity vow to serve always the poorest of the poor).
The best known is the vocation to the priesthood, as either a diocesan or a religious priest. A diocesan priest serves in a particular diocese and is under the local bishop. A religious priest (in this sense) is a member of a specific religious institute such as the Trinitarians, Holy Cross Fathers and Brothers, Augustinians or Jesuits.