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Italian, as the third Swiss national language, is spoken in Italian-speaking Switzerland (Ticino and the southern part of Grisons).It is an official language both at the federal level and in the two cantons mentioned.
The four national languages of Switzerland are German, French, Italian, and Romansh. [3] German, French, and Italian maintain equal status as official languages at the national level within the federal administration of the Swiss Confederation, while Romansh is used in dealings with people who speak it. [4]
The history of Italian emigration to Switzerland continues in the second half of the 19th century. [7] [8] The majority of emigrants initially came from Northern Italy, above all from Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Lombardy. In 1860 there were 10,000 Italians in Switzerland, in 1900 there were 117,059 and in 1910, 202,809. [9]
The dominance of the Italian language in the canton has diminished in recent years, especially to the east in the two regions furthest from Ticino.This is believed to result from migration of German speakers into traditionally Italian-speaking areas, the spread of German language mass media and the absence of secondary schools teaching in Italian in Grisons. [2]
The city, on the right bank of the Rhine, is reputedly the oldest town in Switzerland. [3] The official language of Chur is German, [note 3] but the main spoken language is the local variant of Alemannic, known as Grisonian German. Romansh and Italian are significantly spoken in the city as a result of the trilingual identity of the canton.
Italian is an official language of Italy, San Marino and Switzerland. Italian is also used in administration and official documents in Vatican City. [59] In central-east Europe Italian is first in Montenegro, second in Austria, Croatia, Slovenia, and Ukraine after English, and third in Hungary, Romania and Russia after English and German. [60]
Italy portal; Switzerland portal; Swiss Italians, Swiss of the "Swiss Italian" community native to Switzerland (and centred in Ticino), should be listed in Category:Swiss-Italian people. Other Italians or their descendants who have Swiss citizenship should be listed on this page.
The current Italian Switzerland belonged to the Duchy of Milan until the 16th century, when it became part of Switzerland.These territories have maintained their native Italian population speaking the Italian language and the Lombard language, specifically the Ticinese dialect.