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  2. Spinal tumor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_tumor

    Spinal cord compression is commonly found in patients with metastatic malignancy. [10] Back pain is a primary symptom of spinal cord compression in patients with known malignancy. [11] Back pain may prompt a bone scan to confirm or exclude spinal metastasis. Rapid identification and intervention of metastatic spinal cord compression is ...

  3. Bertolotti's syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertolotti's_syndrome

    Bertolotti's syndrome is characterized by sacralization of the lowest lumbar vertebral body and lumbarization of the uppermost sacral segment. It involves a total or partial unilateral or bilateral fusion of the transverse process of the lowest lumbar vertebra to the sacrum, leading to the formation of a transitional 5th lumbar vertebra.

  4. Spinal fusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_fusion

    Spinal fusion, also called spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis, is a surgery performed by orthopaedic surgeons or neurosurgeons that joins two or more vertebrae. [1] This procedure can be performed at any level in the spine (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, or sacral) and prevents any movement between the fused vertebrae.

  5. Congenital vertebral anomaly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_vertebral_anomaly

    Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae consist of the process of the last lumbar vertebra fusing with the first sacral segment. [1] While only around 10 percent of adults have a spinal abnormality due to genetics, a sixth lumbar vertebra is one of the more common abnormalities. [2] Sacralization of the L5 vertebra is seen at the lower right of the ...

  6. Failed back syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failed_back_syndrome

    Studies by Ha, et al., show that the incidence of SI joint degeneration in post-lumbar fusion surgery is 75% at 5 years post-surgery, based on imaging. [35] Studies by DePalma and Liliang, et al., demonstrate that 40–61% of post-lumbar fusion patients were symptomatic for SI joint dysfunction based on diagnostic blocks. [36] [37]

  7. Schmorl's nodes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmorl's_nodes

    Schmorl's nodes are fairly common, especially with minor degeneration of the aging spine, but they are also seen in younger spines. Schmorl's nodes often cause no symptoms, but may simply reflect that "wear and tear" of the spine has occurred over time; they may also reflect that bone strength was at one time somewhat compromised, perhaps due to a vitamin D deficiency although this has yet to ...

  8. Tarlov cyst - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarlov_cyst

    Tarlov cysts are most commonly located in the S1 to S4/S5 region of the spinal canal, but can be found along any region of the spine.They usually form on the extradural components of sacrococcygeal nerve roots at the junction of dorsal root ganglion and posterior nerve roots and arise between the endoneurium and perineurium. [10]

  9. Laminotomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laminotomy

    The most common lumbar spinal fusion occurs between L4 and L5. [4] A lumbar spinal fusion may be recommended when non-surgical treatment options for severe degenerative disc disease are ineffective. A laminotomy would not be effective in this case, since this procedure is concerning a degenerated disc that needs to be removed in order to ...