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Circular curves are defined by radius (tightness) and deflection angle (extent). The design of a horizontal curve entails the determination of a minimum radius (based on speed limit), curve length, and objects obstructing the view of the driver. [4] Using AASHTO standards, an engineer works to design a road that is safe and comfortable.
Hockey rinks in the rest of the world follow the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) specifications, which are 60.0 by 30.0 metres (196.9 ft × 98.4 ft) with a corner radius of 8.5 metres (27.9 ft). The two goal lines are 4.0 metres (13.1 ft) from the end boards, and the blue lines are 22.86 metres (75.0 ft) from the end boards. [2]
An interior or exterior corner, with an angle or type of bevel, is called a "chamfer". Fillet geometry, when on an interior corner is a line of concave function , whereas a fillet on an exterior corner is a line of convex function (in these cases, fillets are typically referred to as rounds).
The minimum railway curve radius is the shortest allowable design radius for the centerline of railway tracks under a particular set of conditions. It has an important bearing on construction costs and operating costs and, in combination with superelevation (difference in elevation of the two rails) in the case of train tracks , determines the ...
However, the radius should not be so large that it results in thick sections. The radius eliminates a sharp corner and stress concentration. Flow and cooling are also improved. Fillet radius at the base of ribs should be between 0.25 and 0.4 times the nominal wall thicknesses of the part.
The ID-1 format specifies a size of 85.60 by 53.98 millimetres (3 + 3 ⁄ 8 in × 2 + 1 ⁄ 8 in) and rounded corners with a radius of 2.88–3.48 mm (about 1 ⁄ 8 in). This format is also referred to as CR-80 and, for travel documents, TD1. It is commonly used for payment cards (ATM cards, credit cards, debit cards, etc.).
The second animation shows the increasing curvature of the transition curve which is able to connect to a circular arc of progressively smaller radius. In the horizontal plane, the radius of a transition curve varies continually over its length between the disparate radii of the sections that it joins—for example, from infinite radius at a ...
Hairpin turn in Oregon, US A hairpin, after which the feature is named. A hairpin turn (also hairpin bend or hairpin corner) is a bend in a road with a very acute inner angle, making it necessary for an oncoming vehicle to turn about 180° to continue on the road.