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Scholars and researchers trace the roots of African American health care inequities to chattel slavery, Jim Crow laws and institutional racism, with medical schools perpetuating stereotypes of racial inferiority up until the mid 20th century and scientists exploiting African Americans in unethical experimentation without informed consent. [42]
IMPACT (2004), European Policy Health Impact Assessment: A guide (PDF), Liverpool, archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-09-03}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher . Kemm, J (2003), "Perspectives on Health Impact Assessment" (PDF) , Bulletin of the World Health Organization , 81 (2): 387, PMC 2572477 , PMID 12894317 .
Community health centers rely on a combination of Medicaid payments, grant revenues, and other private and public funding sources to fund their operations. The sources of funding for health centers have changed significantly over time. Public Health Service Act grants under Section 330 were once a prominent source of funding for CHCs.
Healthcare shortage areas are two types of designation within the United States determined by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). Health professional shortage areas (HPSAs) designate geographic areas or subgroups of the populations or specific facilities within them as lacking professionals in primary care, mental health, or dental care.
The Journal of Health Visiting, launched in January 2013, is a monthly peer-reviewed journal for health visitors. Researchers interested in the history of health visitors may be interested in consulting the Welcome Trust's London's Pulse collection, which provides a digital archive of London's Medical Officer of Health reports, for the period ...
It consists of three categories: health impacts, air quality, and water and sanitation. The health impacts category includes the environmental risk exposure indicator. Environmental health is the branch of public health concerned with all aspects of the natural and built environment affecting human health.
Social impact assessment (SIA) is a methodology to review the social effects of infrastructure projects and other development interventions. Although SIA is usually applied to planned interventions, the same techniques can be used to evaluate the social impact of unplanned events, for example, disasters, demographic change, and epidemics.
Rural areas within the U.S. have been found to have a lower life expectancy than urban areas by approximately 2.4 years. [17] Rural U.S. populations are at a greater risk of mortality due to non-communicable diseases such as heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease, and stroke, as well as unintentional injuries such as automobile accidents and opioid overdoses compared to urban ...