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A ♭ (A-flat; also called la bémol) is the ninth semitone of the solfège. It lies a diatonic semitone above G and a chromatic semitone below A , thus being enharmonic to G ♯ , even though in some musical tunings , A ♭ will have a different sounding pitch than G ♯ .
When a musical key or key signature is referred to in a language other than English, that language may use the usual notation used in English (namely the letters A to G, along with translations of the words sharp, flat, major and minor in that language): languages which use the English system include Irish, Welsh, Hindi, Japanese (based on katakana in iroha order), Korean (based on hangul in ...
Guidonian hand, from 1274 Biblioteca Ambrosiana. Solmization is a mnemonic system in which a distinct syllable is attributed to each note of a musical scale.Various forms of solmization are in use and have been used throughout the world, but solfège is the most common convention in countries of Western culture.
Italian "solfeggio" and English/French "solfège" derive from the names of two of the syllables used: sol and fa.[2] [3]The generic term "solmization", referring to any system of denoting pitches of a musical scale by syllables, including those used in India and Japan as well as solfège, comes from French solmisation, from the Latin solfège syllables sol and mi.
Most notes showing a double-flat or double-sharp correspond in pitch with a natural note but, since they are notated differently, are considered enharmonic equivalents of the natural note. The same is true for F ♭, C ♭, E ♯, and B ♯. In John Stump's Prelude and the Last Hope, double naturals are used to cancel double flats in a key ...
When a flat sign is placed before a note, the pitch of the note is lowered by one semitone. Similarly, a sharp sign raises the pitch by one semitone. For example, a sharp on the note D would raise it to D♯ while a flat would lower it to D♭. Double sharps and double flats are less common, but they are used. A double sharp is placed before a ...
Most commonly, [note 2] the sharp symbol (♯) raises a note by a half step, while the flat symbol (♭) lowers a note by a half step. This half step interval is also known as a semitone (which has an equal temperament frequency ratio of 12 √ 2 ≅ 1.0595). The natural symbol (♮) indicates that any previously applied accidentals should be ...
Chromatic scale drawn as a circle The diatonic scale notes (above) and the non-scale chromatic notes (below) [2] The twelve notes of the octave—all the black and white keys in one octave on the piano—form the chromatic scale. The tones of the chromatic scale (unlike those of the major or minor scale) are all the same distance apart, one ...