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Xanthate salts of alkali metals are produced by the treatment of an alcohol, alkali, and carbon disulfide.The process is called xanthation. [2] In chemical terminology, the alkali reacts with the alcohol to produce an alkoxide, which is the nucleophile that adds to the electrophilic carbon atom in CS 2. [3]
Sodium ethyl xanthate is a pale yellow powder. Its aqueous solutions are stable at high pH if not heated. It rapidly hydrolyses at pH less than 9 at 25 °C. It is the conjugate base of the ethyl xanthic acid, a strong acid with pK a of 1.6 and pK b estimated as 12.4 for the conjugate base. [6]
The process proved successful at their Central Block plant, Broken Hill that year. Significant in their "agitation froth flotation" process was the use of less than 1% oil and an agitation step that created small bubbles, which provided more surface to capture the metal and float into a froth at the surface. [30]
Main RAFT equilibrium: This is the most important part in the RAFT process, [8] in which, by a process of rapid interchange, the present radicals (and hence opportunities for polymer chain growth) are "shared" among all species that have not yet undergone termination (P n • and S=C(Z)S-P n). Ideally the radicals are shared equally, causing ...
The intermediate is a xanthate. It is named for its discoverer, the Russian chemist Lev Aleksandrovich Chugaev (1873–1922), who first reported the reaction sequence in 1899. In the first step, a xanthate salt is formed out of the alkoxide and carbon disulfide (CS 2). With the addition of iodomethane, the alkoxide is transformed into a methyl ...
Potassium amyl xanthate (/pəˈtæsiəm ˌæmɪl ˈzænθeɪt/) is an organosulfur compound with the chemical formula CH 3 (CH 2) 4 OCS 2 K. It is a pale yellow powder with a pungent odor that is soluble in water. It is widely used in the mining industry for the separation of ores using the flotation process.
Xanthates (principally, zinc isopropyl xanthate) are important in the vulcanization of latex, which is cured at relatively low temperatures (100-120 °C), and therefore needs an inherently rapid accelerant. The major thiurams used are TMTD (tetramethylthiuram disulfide) and TETD (tetraethylthiuram disulfide).
Potassium ethyl xanthate (KEX) is an organosulfur compound with the chemical formula CH 3 CH 2 OCS 2 K. It is a pale yellow powder that is used in the mining industry for the separation of ores . It is a potassium salt of ethyl xanthic acid .