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The medial moraine is the double line of debris running down the centre-line of the glacier. Lateral moraines can rise up to 140 meters (460 ft) over the valley floor, can be up to 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) long, and are steeper close to the glacier margin (up to 80 degrees) than further away (where slopes are typically 29 to 36 degrees).
Fans may be deposited on land or in water. [10] A line of adjacent outwash fans from an ice sheet may form a ridge, or glaciofluvial moraine. [18] When many outwash streams flow from the ice front into a lowland area they form a broad sandur, or outwash plain. [17] A sandar may hold deposits that are tens of meters thick. [19]
Rain and snow melt slowly soak into the moraine, being filtered and purified in its many sand and gravel aquifers. The cool, fresh water is discharged into the headwaters of streams and rivers which eventually flow into Lake Simcoe, Lake Scugog and Lake Ontario. The aquifers are also the water supply for some communities on the Moraine.
The high confining pressures on the glacier bed from the weight of the overlying glacial ice fills the elongate cavity by squeezing water-soaked till into it. [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 7 ] As a glacier melts back and recedes, it exposes the till bed of the glacier and the long, low ridges of till that have been molded upon it.
The accumulation of till will form a terminal moraine as the glacier retreats. [2] Ablation moraines form when a large piece of ice, containing an accumulation of sediment and debris, breaks from the snout of the glacial. Once it is separated and begins to melt, the debris found throughout this glacial piece is deposited to form a new terminal ...
As part of the continental divide, many creeks or rivulets have their origin source in the Valparaiso Moraine. Water on one side of the moraine flows into Lake Michigan, through the Great Lakes, and eventually into the Atlantic Ocean via the Saint Lawrence River, while water run-off on the other side of the moraine flows into tributaries of the ...
The Oak Ridges Moraine is a geological landform that runs east-west across south central Ontario, Canada. It developed about 12,000 years ago, during the Wisconsin glaciation in North America. A complex ridge of sedimentary material, the moraine is known to have partially developed under water.
A washboard moraine, also known as minor or corrugated moraine, is a geomorphic feature caused by glaciers. The name "washboard moraine" refers to the fact that, from the air, it resembles a washboard .