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The name echinoderm is from Ancient Greek ἐχῖνος (ekhînos) 'hedgehog' and δέρμα (dérma) 'skin'. [4] The name Echinodermata was originated by Jacob Theodor Klein in 1734, but only in reference to echinoids. It was expanded to the phylum level by Jean Guillaume Bruguière, first informally in 1789 and then in formal Latin in 1791.
The name comes from the Greek "echinos" (ἐχῖνος) meaning a hedgehog or sea-urchin [5] and "derma" (δέρμα) meaning skin, [6] referring to the spiny cap surface. The noun "derma" is neuter and therefore if the species name is an adjective, it needs to take the neuter ending (example: Echinoderma asperum ).
Eleutherozoa is a subphylum of echinoderms. They are mobile animals with the mouth directed towards the substrate. They usually have a madreporite, tube feet, and moveable spines of some sort. It includes all living echinoderms except for crinoids. The monophyly of Eleutherozoa has been proven sufficiently well to be considered "uncontroversial ...
It is derived from the Greek aster, ἀστήρ (a star) and the Greek eidos, εἶδος (form, likeness, appearance). [94] The class Asteroidea belongs to the phylum Echinodermata. As well as the starfish, the echinoderms include sea urchins, sand dollars, brittle and basket stars, sea cucumbers and crinoids.
Brittle stars, serpent stars, or ophiuroids (from Latin ophiurus 'brittle star'; from Ancient Greek ὄφις (óphis) 'serpent' and οὐρά (ourá) 'tail'; referring to the serpent-like arms of the brittle star) are echinoderms in the class Ophiuroidea, closely related to starfish. They crawl across the sea floor using their flexible arms ...
Yanjiahella biscarpa is an extinct species of Early Cambrian deuterostome which may represent the earliest stem group echinoderm. [1] [2]This species is known from the Fortunian Yanjiahe Formation (~541.0–534.6 Ma) in Hubei province, China and was first described by Guo et al. [3] who had difficulty in assigning a taxonomy to the animal due to the shared nature of its features between the ...
The Eocrinoidea were an extinct class of echinoderms that lived between the Early Cambrian and Late Silurian periods. They are the earliest known group of stalked, brachiole-bearing echinoderms, and were the most common echinoderms during the Cambrian. The earliest genera had a short holdfast and irregularly structured plates. Later forms had a ...
Ambulacral is a term typically used in the context of anatomical parts of the phylum Echinodermata or class Asteroidea and Edrioasteroidea. [1] [2] Echinoderms can have ambulacral parts that include ossicles, plates, spines, and suckers.