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The original Perlman-inspired Spanning Tree Protocol, called DEC STP, is not a standard and differs from the IEEE version in message format as well as timer settings. Some bridges implement both the IEEE and the DEC versions of the Spanning Tree Protocol, but their interworking can create issues for the network administrator.
802.1aq builds on all existing Ethernet operations, administration and management (OA&M). Since 802.1aq ensures that its unicast and multicast packets for a given virtual LAN (VLAN) follow the same forward and reverse path and use completely standard 802 encapsulations, all the methods of IEEE 802.1ag and Y.1731 [ 27 ] operate unchanged on an ...
Straight-through processing exists in numerous areas of financial services, such as payments processing. [2] [3] [4]Payments may be non-STP due to various reasons [5] such as missing information, information which is not in a machine "understandable" form (such as name and address rather than a code), or human-readable instructions, e.g.
This is done as well as in Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) without the need of manually enabling backup links and getting rid of switching loop danger. Moreover, MSTP allows frames/packets assigned to different VLANs to follow separate paths, each based on an independent MSTI, within MST regions composed of local area networks (LANs) and MST bridges.
Masquerade – Protection against attempting management operations not authorized for some principal by assuming the identity of another principal that has the appropriate authorizations. Message stream modification – Protection against messages getting maliciously re-ordered, delayed, or replayed to affect unauthorized management operations.
A Signal Transfer Point (STP) is a node in an SS7 network that routes signaling messages based on their destination point code in the SS7 network. [1] It works as a router that relays SS7 messages between signaling end-points (SEPs) and other signaling transfer points (STPs).
WOA – well operations authorization; WOB – weight on bit; WOC – wait on cement; WOC – water/oil contact (or oil/water contact) WOE – well operations engineer (a key person of well services [citation needed]) WOM – wait/waiting on material; WOR – water-oil ratio; WORKO – workover; WOS – west of Shetland, oil province on the UKCS
In marketing, segmenting, targeting and positioning (STP) is a framework that implements market segmentation. [1] Market segmentation is a process, in which groups of buyers within a market are divided and profiled according to a range of variables, which determine the market characteristics and tendencies. [ 2 ]